Ballard D H, Hayhoe M M, Li F, Whitehead S D
Computer Science Department, University of Rochester, New York 14627-0226.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1992 Sep 29;337(1281):331-8; discussion 338-9. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1992.0111.
The small angle subtended by the human fovea places a premium on the ability to quickly and accurately direct the gaze to targets of interest. Thus the resultant saccadic eye fixations are a very instructive behaviour, revealing much about the underlying cognitive mechanisms that guide them. Of particular interest are the eye fixations used in hand-eye coordination. Such coordination has been extensively studied for single movements from a source location to a target location. In contrast, we have studied multiple fixations where the sources and targets are a function of a task and chosen dynamically by the subject according to task requirements. The task chosen is a copying task: subjects must copy a figure made up of contiguous coloured blocks as fast as possible. The main observation is that although eye fixations are used for the terminal phase of hand movements, they are used for other tasks before and after that phase. The analysis of the spatial and temporal details of these fixations suggests that the underlying decision process that moves the eyes leaves key decisions until just before they are required.
人类中央凹所对的视角很小，这就使得迅速而准确地将目光指向感兴趣的目标的能力变得至关重要。因此，由此产生的眼球快速跳动注视是一种非常具有启发性的行为，它揭示了许多关于引导这些行为的潜在认知机制。特别值得关注的是手眼协调中使用的眼球注视。对于从源位置到目标位置的单个动作，这种协调已经得到了广泛研究。相比之下，我们研究的是多个注视，其中源和目标是任务的函数，并且由受试者根据任务要求动态选择。所选择的任务是一个复制任务：受试者必须尽快复制一个由相邻彩色方块组成的图形。主要观察结果是，虽然眼球注视用于手部动作的末期阶段，但在该阶段之前和之后它们还用于其他任务。对这些注视的空间和时间细节的分析表明，移动眼睛的潜在决策过程会将关键决策留到即将需要之前才做出。
