Pharmacological characterization of a beta 3-receptor agonist (BRL 37,344) and a partial agonist (CGP 12,177A) in neonatal rat liver plasma membranes.

The pharmacological properties of BRL 37,344 (sodium-4-(2'-[2-hydroxy-2- (3-chloro-phenyl)ethylamino]-propyl)phenoxyacetatesesquihydrate), a beta 3-selective agonist, and CGP 12,177A) (-)-4-(3-t-butyl amino-2-hydroxypropoxy) benzimidazole-2-one], a non-selective beta-antagonist, recently characterized as a partial beta 3-agonist in rat adipose tissue, were studied in comparison with isoproterenol, a non-selective beta-agonist, in plasma membranes prepared from the livers of newborn rats. Competition binding curves obtained with [125I]iodocyanopindolol ([125I]CYP) as ligand and isoproterenol or BRL 37,344 as competitor were characterized by the presence of a high and a low affinity binding site; the high affinity binding site was no longer detectable when guanidylimidobisphosphate (GppNHp) was present in the incubation mixture. Competition curves with CGP 12,177A were monophasic and independent of GppNHp. In the presence of 10(-7) M of the beta 2-selective antagonist ICI 118,551 [erythro-(+/-)-1-(7-methylindan-4-yloxy)-3-isopropylamino butan-2-ol], a concentration which blocks most of the beta 2-receptors, ligand binding was reduced to 32% of its maximum. Under these conditions, isoproterenol further displaced the ligand, and competition curves still displayed the high and the low affinity binding sites; BRL 37,344, however, caused no further displacement of ligand, except at the highest concentrations. This suggests that BRL 37,344 occupies only the ICI 118,551-sensitive binding sites, i.e. beta 2-receptors. Isoproterenol and BRL 37,344 both stimulated adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) activity concentration dependently, although the stimulating effect of BRL 37,344 was about half of what was found for isoproterenol. Furthermore, BRL 37,344 inhibited concentration dependently the isoproterenol-induced stimulation of adenylate cyclase, and the inhibition was dependent on the concentration of isoproterenol. The stimulating effect of isoproterenol and BRL 37,344 on adenylate cyclase was blocked by ICI 118,551, whereas the beta 1-selective antagonist CGP 20,712A ((+/-)-(2-(3-carbamoyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-ethylamino)-3-[4-(1-methy l-4- trifluoromethyl-2-imidazolyl)-phenoxy]-2-propanolmethane sulphonate) was ineffective. CGP 12,177A failed to stimulate adenylate cyclase activity. From these results we suggest that BRL 37,344 acts as a beta 2-partial agonist in rat liver. The results obtained with CGP 12,177A are typical for a non-selective beta-antagonist. We therefore conclude that there is no pharmacological evidence for the presence of beta 3-receptors in livers from newborn rats.