Villas Martínez F, Contreras F J, López Cazaña J M, López Serrano M C, Martínez Alzamora F
Allergy Unit, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1992 Sep-Oct;2(5):258-62.
The efficacy of the new nonsedating antihistamines loratadine and cetirizine was compared in a randomized, single-blind, crossover, controlled study with that of the classical antihistamines cyproheptadine and ketotifen in seven patients with primary acquired cold urticaria (ACU). The patients received each of the four drugs for 14 consecutive days with a 7-day interval between drugs. We evaluated clinical symptomatology, adverse effects, minimum time of cold contact stimulation required to induce an immediate coalescent wheal (CSTT), and inhibition of histamine-induced wheal response. Both loratadine and cetirizine showed suppression of symptoms with infrequent adverse effects. Important side-effects were observed in patients receiving cyproheptadine. Improvement in CSTT was statistically significant for all drugs compared with baseline values, without differences among them. The histamine-induced skin test was significantly inhibited by all antihistamines. Wheal reductions were 34.6% for loratadine and 50.9% for cetirizine. This study suggests that both loratadine and cetirizine may be effective in the treatment of primary ACU.
在一项随机、单盲、交叉对照研究中，对7例原发性获得性冷性荨麻疹（ACU）患者，比较了新型非镇静性抗组胺药氯雷他定和西替利嗪与经典抗组胺药赛庚啶和酮替芬的疗效。患者连续14天服用这四种药物中的每一种，药物之间间隔7天。我们评估了临床症状、不良反应、诱发即刻融合性风团所需的最短冷接触刺激时间（CSTT）以及对组胺诱发风团反应的抑制作用。氯雷他定和西替利嗪均显示出症状得到抑制，且不良反应较少。接受赛庚啶治疗的患者出现了重要的副作用。与基线值相比，所有药物的CSTT改善均具有统计学意义，且它们之间无差异。所有抗组胺药均显著抑制组胺诱发的皮肤试验。氯雷他定的风团减少率为34.6%，西替利嗪为50.9%。本研究表明，氯雷他定和西替利嗪在原发性ACU的治疗中可能均有效。
