Romagosa Albacar Cristina, Sagué Cateura Marta, Garatea Zubieta Ana, Burgués Burgués Montse
Unidad de atención a la Mujer y la Infancia, Hospital de Palamós.
Rev Enferm. 2003 May;26(5):73-6.
To know the prevalence of maternal breastfeeding over distinctive ages of a child's life, in our ward, and to analyze the factors which bear an influence on its start, duration and stop.
In our study, we included 549 newborns who were born in and released in good health from the Palamos Hospital between March 1999 and March 2000. We carried out telephone surveys upon release from the hospital and at ages of one, three and six months. We compiled 82 variable which we processed and analyzed on Microsoft Excel. We defined the value p < 0.05 as statistically significant.
90.71% of newborns breastfed upon hospital release, 78.4% at one month, 58.28% at three months, and 32.8% at six months; of the latter, 53.6% belonged to immigrant families and 29.3% to European families. 54.43% of mothers from the European families studied attended Maternal Education. 83.13% of mothers who breastfed their babies had made their decision to do so before conceiving their child.
We consider the rate of breastfeeding mothers to be satisfactory. Its prevalence progressively decreases as the child gets older without any important changes in any period. These are factors related to a higher rate of breast-feeding: immigrant families, full term pregnancy, low educational level, Maternal Education attendance, first births, decision to breastfeed made before conception, not giving any supplements, perception of milk production before hospital release and no to use nipple-shields nor pacifiers. Hypogalactia and mothers return to work are the main reasons for stopping breastfeeding.
了解我院病房不同年龄段儿童的母乳喂养率，并分析影响母乳喂养开始、持续时间及停止的因素。
本研究纳入了1999年3月至2000年3月在帕拉莫斯医院出生且健康出院的549名新生儿。在出院时以及1个月、3个月和6个月龄时进行电话调查。我们收集了82个变量，并在Microsoft Excel上进行处理和分析。我们将p < 0.05定义为具有统计学意义。
90.71%的新生儿在出院时进行母乳喂养，1个月龄时为78.4%，3个月龄时为58.28%，6个月龄时为32.8%；其中，53.6%属于移民家庭，29.3%属于欧洲家庭。在接受研究的欧洲家庭中，54.43%的母亲参加了孕产妇教育。83.13%的母乳喂养母亲在怀孕前就决定这样做。
我们认为母乳喂养母亲的比例令人满意。随着孩子年龄增长，母乳喂养率逐渐下降，且在任何时期都没有重大变化。与较高母乳喂养率相关的因素有：移民家庭、足月妊娠、低教育水平、参加孕产妇教育、初产、怀孕前决定母乳喂养、不给予任何补充剂、出院前对乳汁分泌的感知以及不使用乳头罩或安抚奶嘴。乳汁分泌不足和母亲重返工作岗位是停止母乳喂养的主要原因。
