Federici Ermanno, Touché André, Choquart Sandie, Avanti Ornella, Fay Laurent, Offord Elizabeth, Courtois Didier
Department of Nutrition, Nestlé Research Center, P.O. Box 44, CH-1000, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Phytochemistry. 2003 Oct;64(3):717-24. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9422(03)00379-0.
Soy isoflavones are phytoestrogens which have been associated with several health benefits. In the present study, we report the production of isoflavones in a collection of 40 strains of soya cell cultures established in 1975. A large variability in the isoflavone composition was observed and high-producing strains, with an isoflavone content of up to 46.3 mg g(-1) dry wt., were found. In comparison with soybeans, many callus strains had a higher isoflavone concentration (10-40 times) and a different ratio of genistin to daidzin forms. The highest producing strain was transferred to liquid medium in an Erlenmeyer flask and in a 10 l stirred-tank bioreactor where high isoflavone content (7% dry wt.), concentration (880 mg l(-1)) and a maximum productivity estimated to 60 mg l(-1) d(-1) were obtained. We further studied the estrogenic activity of pure compounds compared to plant cell culture extracts in the estrogen-responsive human endometrial Ishikawa cell line. Estrogen was confirmed to be 1000-10,000 times more active than isoflavones. The estrogenic activity of the extracts correlated to their isoflavone content. The activity of the malonyl isoflavones, assessed here for the first time, was lower than the aglycones. Taken together, these results suggest that soya cell cultures can be used as an alternative source to soybeans to provide high concentrations of bioactive isoflavones.
大豆异黄酮是一类植物雌激素，具有多种健康益处。在本研究中，我们报告了1975年建立的40株大豆细胞培养物中异黄酮的产生情况。观察到异黄酮组成存在很大差异，并发现了高产菌株，其异黄酮含量高达46.3 mg g(-1)干重。与大豆相比，许多愈伤组织菌株的异黄酮浓度更高（10 - 40倍），染料木苷与黄豆苷的形式比例也不同。将最高产菌株转移到锥形瓶中的液体培养基和10升搅拌罐生物反应器中，获得了高异黄酮含量（7%干重）、浓度（880 mg l(-1)）和估计最大生产力为60 mg l(-1) d(-1) 的结果。我们进一步研究了纯化合物与植物细胞培养提取物在雌激素反应性人子宫内膜石川细胞系中的雌激素活性。证实雌激素的活性比异黄酮高1000 - 10000倍。提取物的雌激素活性与其异黄酮含量相关。首次评估的丙二酰异黄酮的活性低于苷元。综上所述，这些结果表明大豆细胞培养物可作为大豆的替代来源，以提供高浓度的生物活性异黄酮。
