Differential tissue regulation of the insulin-like growth factors in rats bearing the MStT/W15 pituitary tumor.

The content of insulin-like growth factors, IGF-I and IGF-II, was measured in tissues of rats bearing a transplantable mammosomatotrophic tumor, MStT/W15. Serum IGF-I was elevated in tumor-implanted rats [2,557 +/- (SE) 419 vs. 891 +/- 100 ng/ml], and tumor tissue concentrations of IGF-I were increased (321 +/- 16 ng/g) in comparison to control liver tissue (160 +/- 5 ng/g) or control pituitary (80 +/- 3 ng/g). The IGF-I levels were significantly increased in most peripheral tissues in the tumor-bearing rats with the exception of the liver. In support of this finding, messenger RNA for prepro IGF-I was likewise not increased in the livers of tumor-bearing rats, nor was there an increase in the growth hormone-dependent IGF-binding protein, BP-3, in the liver or serum of these animals. All tumors had detectable levels of prepro IGF-I mRNA which was, however, less than 50% of that noted in normal control liver. The tumors also expressed an IGF-BP which was identified as IGF-BP-2 by immunoblotting. Serum concentrations of IGF-II were similar in control and tumor-bearing animals (approximately 70 ng/ml). IGF-II levels in the tumor (90 +/- 5 ng/g) were significantly higher than levels in control liver (34 +/- 2 ng/g), but similar to those found in normal pituitary (165 +/- 24 ng/g). In peripheral tissues, IGF-II concentrations were selectively increased in skeletal muscle and heart of tumor-bearing rats. These data demonstrate tissue-specific regulation of IGF-I and IGF-II. Paradoxically, the liver does not appear to be stimulated over control levels by high serum growth hormone levels, since neither IGF-I peptide, IGF-I mRNA, nor IGF-BP-3 levels are increased in livers of tumor-bearing rats. This suggests that the increase in serum IGF-I in these animals is due to increased production of IGF-I by the tumors themselves and by nonhepatic peripheral tissues and further that hepatic responsiveness to growth hormone is diminished in these tumor-bearing animals.