Malawski S
Kliniki Ortopedii CMKP Otwock.
Chir Narzadow Ruchu Ortop Pol. 1992;57(1-3):181-5.
A concise history of fracture treatment from ancient times to XIX century, when the old rules of management started to be modified are presented at the beginning. An isometric traction methods of treatment as well as isotonic ones both indirect and direct have been discussed. The shortcomings of fraction treatment induced application of functional treatment that was a combination of the traction and joint movements assisted by the mechanical devices. The author indicates that functional treatment methods were not known to polish orthopaedic surgeons up to the seventies. This empty space was filled only in the last decade. From historical analysis author concludes that external fixation is the future of fractures treatment.
文章开篇讲述了从古代到19世纪骨折治疗的简要历史，当时旧的治疗规则开始被修改。文中讨论了等长牵引治疗方法以及间接和直接的等张牵引治疗方法。骨折治疗的缺点促使了功能治疗的应用，功能治疗是牵引与机械装置辅助的关节活动相结合的方法。作者指出，直到70年代波兰骨科医生才了解功能治疗方法。这一空白直到过去十年才被填补。通过历史分析，作者得出结论，外固定是骨折治疗的未来。
