Roos U M, Kempf H G, Zenner H P
Universitäts-HNO-Klinik Tübingen.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1992 Jan;71(1):53-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-997245.
Head and neck pain caused of benign or malignant disease reduces remarkable the patient's quality of life. In the following are presented adjuvant and medicamentous methods for pain control. Surgery, irradiation and chemotherapy aim to diminish the tumor extension and reduce algesic transmitting substances in the periphery. Nerve blocs, cryoanalgesia and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation lead to an interruption of the painful spinal reflex arc. Active, passive and relaxation exercises prevent from dolorific muscular tensions. Psychological treatment, so as relaxation techniques in connection with behavior therapy, helps to develop coping strategies. The mainstay of pain relief is effective use of analgetics which should be given orally if possible, on a regular schedule and on an individualized basis according with the WHO guidelines.
由良性或恶性疾病引起的头颈疼痛会显著降低患者的生活质量。以下介绍了疼痛控制的辅助方法和药物治疗方法。手术、放疗和化疗旨在减少肿瘤范围并减少外周的致痛传递物质。神经阻滞、冷冻镇痛和经皮电刺激神经疗法可导致疼痛性脊髓反射弧中断。主动、被动和放松练习可防止产生疼痛性肌肉紧张。心理治疗，如与行为疗法相关的放松技巧，有助于制定应对策略。缓解疼痛的主要方法是有效使用镇痛药，如有可能应口服，按照世界卫生组织的指南定期并根据个体情况给药。
