Volume of normal prostate, of prostate cancer, and of benign prostatic hyperplasia: are correlations with prostate specific antigen clinically useful?

This retrospective study correlated prostate volume, determined by transrectal ultrasonography, with serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), by Deming regression analysis, in patients with confirmed benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and patients with non-metastatic (M0) or metastatic (M1) prostate cancer. In BPH, a highly significant correlation was found between log10[PSA] and prostate volume. When this PSA/volume regression pattern for BPH was used as a reference standard, all 17 patients with M1 prostate cancer and 83% of the 23 patients with M0 disease were discriminated from BPH.