Roy S, Geoffroy G, Lapointe N, Michaud J
Division of Neurology and Immunology, Sainte-Justine Hospital, Montreal.
Can J Neurol Sci. 1992 Nov;19(4):453-7.
Many HIV-infected children have neurological involvement. We present our observations in 49 cases, 58% of which had some form of clinical neurological impairment. Most of the patients affected (71%) presented with progressive encephalopathy, characterized by developmental delay with loss of acquisitions and cognitive decline, an impaired growth curve, microcephaly and corticospinal dysfunction. CT-scan imaging shows cerebral atrophy in all cases and basal ganglia calcifications in 29%. Non-specific abnormalities are found on the EEG in two-thirds of cases and in the CSF in slightly less than half the cases. Pathological studies sometime revealed HIV encephalitis or lateral corticospinal tracts degeneration. Neurological impairment secondary to vascular events, neoplasms or opportunistic infections were rare, especially when compared with the adult HIV population.
许多感染艾滋病毒的儿童存在神经受累情况。我们报告了对49例病例的观察结果，其中58%有某种形式的临床神经功能损害。大多数受影响患者（71%）表现为进行性脑病，其特征为发育迟缓、已获得技能丧失、认知能力下降、生长曲线受损、小头畸形和皮质脊髓功能障碍。CT扫描成像显示所有病例均有脑萎缩，29%有基底节钙化。三分之二的病例脑电图有非特异性异常，脑脊液检查有异常的病例略少于一半。病理研究有时显示有艾滋病毒脑炎或皮质脊髓侧束变性。血管事件、肿瘤或机会性感染继发的神经功能损害很少见，尤其是与成年艾滋病毒感染者相比。
