Walker R, Wiencek J G, Aronson S, Zaroff J, Glock D, Thisted R, Feinstein S B
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1992 Sep-Oct;5(5):463-70. doi: 10.1016/s0894-7317(14)80036-9.
Contrast ultrasonography may be used to assess regional tissue perfusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new, commercially prepared ultrasound contrast agent (Albunex) in dogs. The injections were administered from peripheral intravenous (IV), right atrial (RA), and pulmonary artery (PA) sites. Acute pulmonary hemodynamic and gas exchange effects of low-dose (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 ml) Phase I injections, and high-dose (2.0, 5.0, 10, 20 ml) Phase II injections of Albunex were evaluated in nine dogs. Immediately before and after each injection, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and oxygen tension (PO2) were determined. In addition, left ventricular cavity opacification was assessed visually and by videodensitometric off-line analysis. Visual assessment was performed by four blinded observers who graded on a scale of 0 to 3 (0 = no contrast enhancement of the left ventricular (LV) cavity; 1 = weak or suboptimal contrast enhancement; 2 = optimal or excellent contrast enhancement; and 3 = attenuation of the ultrasound signal following a contrast injection). Peak pixel intensity was also determined with videodensitometric analysis. Results showed that significant changes in PAP or PO2 were not noted after Albunex injections, regardless of injection site or dose range. The average change in PAP after Albunex injection was 1.0 mm Hg +/- 1.2 mm Hg (NS), and the average change in PO2 after Albunex injections was 6.2 mm Hg +/- 6.7 mm Hg (NS). The left ventricular cavity peak pixel intensity was dependent on both injection site (PA = RA > IV) and dose range (2.0 = 1.0 > 0.5).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
超声造影可用于评估局部组织灌注。本研究的目的是评估一种新的、商业制备的超声造影剂（白蛋白微球）对犬的安全性和有效性。造影剂通过外周静脉（IV）、右心房（RA）和肺动脉（PA）部位注射。对9只犬进行了低剂量（0.5、1.0、2.0 ml）I期注射和高剂量（2.0、5.0、10、20 ml）II期注射白蛋白微球后的急性肺血流动力学和气体交换效应进行了评估。在每次注射前和注射后立即测定肺动脉压（PAP）和氧分压（PO2）。此外，通过视觉评估和离线视频密度分析评估左心室腔的显影情况。由4名不知情的观察者进行视觉评估，他们按0至3级评分（0 = 左心室（LV）腔无造影剂增强；1 = 造影剂增强弱或不理想；2 = 造影剂增强最佳或优秀；3 = 造影剂注射后超声信号衰减）。还通过视频密度分析确定峰值像素强度。结果显示，无论注射部位或剂量范围如何，注射白蛋白微球后PAP或PO2均未出现显著变化。注射白蛋白微球后PAP的平均变化为1.0 mmHg±1.2 mmHg（无统计学意义），注射白蛋白微球后PO2的平均变化为6.2 mmHg±6.7 mmHg（无统计学意义）。左心室腔峰值像素强度取决于注射部位（PA = RA > IV）和剂量范围（2.0 = 1.0 > 0.5）。（摘要截短至250字）
