Grossi C E, Ciccone E, Zeromski J, Moretta A, Moretta L
Istituto di Anatomia Umana, Genova, Italy.
Biotherapy. 1992;5(1):1-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02194781.
A minor subset of T lymphocytes express a TCR composed of gamma and delta chains. This subset differs from conventional T cells for a number of phenotypic and functional characteristics. TCR gamma/delta+ cells simultaneously lack both CD4 and CD8 antigens. Cloning of CD4-8- peripheral blood lymphocytes, under limiting dilution conditions, revealed that they are homogeneously composed of cytolytic cells which efficiently lyse tumor target cells. Formal proofs have been provided that TCR gamma/delta+ cells are able to recognize antigens. For example, they proliferated in response to allogeneic mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC); in addition, MLC-derived TCR gamma/delta+ cells specifically lysed PHA-induced blast cells bearing the stimulating alloantigens. The selection of monoclonal antibodies specific for TCR gamma/delta molecules allowed to identify two distinct subsets of TCR gamma/delta+ cells. Both of these mABs, termed BB3 and delta TCS-1 respectively, induced specific activation of cloned cells expressing the corresponding antigenic determinants (as assessed by measurements of intracellular Ca++ and/or lymphokine production or cytolytic activity). Analysis of the distribution of subsets expressing different forms of TCR gamma/delta, showed that the BB3-reactive form is prevalent in the peripheral blood. In contrast, delta-TCS-1-reactive cells are relatively infrequent in peripheral blood but represent the majority of TCR gamma/delta+ cells in tissues.
一小部分T淋巴细胞表达由γ链和δ链组成的T细胞受体（TCR）。该亚群在许多表型和功能特征上与传统T细胞不同。TCRγ/δ⁺细胞同时缺乏CD4和CD8抗原。在有限稀释条件下对CD4⁻8⁻外周血淋巴细胞进行克隆，结果显示它们均一性地由能有效裂解肿瘤靶细胞的细胞毒性细胞组成。已经有确凿证据表明TCRγ/δ⁺细胞能够识别抗原。例如，它们在同种异体混合淋巴细胞培养（MLC）中增殖；此外，源自MLC的TCRγ/δ⁺细胞能特异性裂解带有刺激同种异体抗原的PHA诱导的母细胞。针对TCRγ/δ分子的特异性单克隆抗体的筛选，使得能够鉴定出TCRγ/δ⁺细胞的两个不同亚群。这两种单克隆抗体分别称为BB3和δTCS-1，它们均可诱导表达相应抗原决定簇的克隆细胞发生特异性激活（通过测量细胞内钙离子浓度和/或淋巴因子产生或细胞毒性活性来评估）。对表达不同形式TCRγ/δ的亚群分布进行分析，结果显示BB3反应性形式在外周血中占主导。相反，δTCS-1反应性细胞在外周血中相对较少，但在组织中占TCRγ/δ⁺细胞的大多数。
