Alder W, Zwicker H
Rofo. 1977 Apr;126(4):331-4. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1230589.
The clinical picture of cystic degeneration of the adventitia is illustrated by two cases. This usually occurs in a portion of an artery near a joint, most commonly in the popliteal artery. The diagnosis is made in the presence of irregular, intermittent claudication associated with an "hour glass" stenosis of the popliteal artery on the arteriogram, without displacement of the vessel. The aetiology is probably related to herniation of the synovia from the adjacent joint capsule; this explains not only the variable pressure within the cyst in the arterial wall, but also the connection found at operation between the adventitial cyst in the popliteal artery and the joint capsule. Treatment consists in shelling out of the cyst. The prognosis is good and recurrences do not occur.
两例病例说明了动脉外膜囊性变的临床表现。这种情况通常发生在靠近关节的动脉部分，最常见于腘动脉。诊断依据是存在不规则、间歇性跛行，血管造影显示腘动脉有“沙漏”样狭窄，且血管无移位。病因可能与滑膜从相邻关节囊疝出有关；这不仅解释了动脉壁囊肿内压力的变化，也解释了手术中发现的腘动脉外膜囊肿与关节囊之间的联系。治疗方法是将囊肿剥离。预后良好，不会复发。
