Räikkönen K, Keltikangas-Järvinen L
Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Genet Psychol. 1992 Sep;153(3):343-54. doi: 10.1080/00221325.1992.10753729.
The authors examined characteristics of Finnish mothers (N = 924) who use hostile child-rearing practices (i.e., they ignore the child, are punitive and irritable, and perceive the child as a burden), practices that have been shown (Räikkönen & Keltikangas-Järvinen, 1992) to predispose children to Type A behavior. The results of this study indicate that two factors--Type A behavior in the mothers and the mothers' sociodemographic background (low occupational status, low educational level and young age)--increase the probability of the mothers' treating their children in a hostile manner. Also, the mothers of boys in this study reported more hostile child-rearing practices than the mothers of girls did.
作者研究了采用敌意育儿方式（即忽视孩子、惩罚性且易怒，并将孩子视为负担）的芬兰母亲（N = 924）的特征，研究表明（赖科宁和凯尔蒂坎加斯 - 耶尔维宁，1992）这种育儿方式会使孩子易患A型行为。本研究结果表明，两个因素——母亲的A型行为以及母亲的社会人口背景（低职业地位、低教育水平和年轻）——增加了母亲以敌意方式对待孩子的可能性。此外，本研究中男孩的母亲比女孩的母亲报告了更多的敌意育儿方式。
