Pires A, Hoy R R
Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96813.
J Comp Physiol A. 1992 Aug;171(1):69-78. doi: 10.1007/BF00195962.
Temperature effects on calling song production and recognition were investigated in the North American field cricket, Gryllus firmus. Temporal parameters of field-recorded G. firmus calling song are strongly affected by temperature. Chirp rate and syllable rate increase, by factors of 4 and 2, respectively, as linear functions of temperature over the range in which these animals sing in the field (12 degrees-30 degrees C). Temperature affects syllable duration to a lesser extent, and does not influence calling song carrier frequency. Female phonotactic preference, measured on a spherical treadmill in the laboratory, also changes with temperature such that warmer females prefer songs with faster chirp and syllable rates. Best phonotaxis, measured as accuracy of orientation to the sound source, and highest walking velocity, occur in response to temperature-matched songs at 15 degrees, 21 degrees, and 30 degrees C. Experiments under semi-natural conditions in an outdoor arena revealed that females perform phonotaxis at temperatures as low as 13 degrees C. Taken together, the song and phonotaxis data demonstrate that this communication system is temperature coupled. A strategy is outlined by which temperature coupling may be exploited to test hypotheses about the organization of neural networks subserving song recognition.
研究了温度对北美田蟋（Gryllus firmus）鸣叫歌曲产生和识别的影响。野外记录的北美田蟋鸣叫歌曲的时间参数受温度影响很大。在这些动物在野外鸣叫的温度范围内（12摄氏度至30摄氏度），啁啾率和音节率分别以温度的线性函数增加，增幅分别为4倍和2倍。温度对音节持续时间的影响较小，且不影响鸣叫歌曲的载波频率。在实验室的球形跑步机上测量的雌性趋声偏好也随温度变化，较温暖环境中的雌性更喜欢啁啾率和音节率更快的歌曲。最佳趋声表现为对声源定位的准确性，以及最高行走速度，出现在15摄氏度、21摄氏度和30摄氏度时与温度匹配的歌曲刺激下。在室外场地的半自然条件下进行的实验表明，雌性在低至13摄氏度的温度下也能进行趋声行为。综合来看，歌曲和趋声数据表明这种通讯系统与温度相关。文中概述了一种策略，通过利用温度相关性来检验关于服务于歌曲识别的神经网络组织的假设。
