Brailski C
Z Gesamte Inn Med. 1977 Feb 1;32(3):82-4.
Out of 2,500 patients who underwent laparoscopy 772 (30.89%) had ascites; liver cirrhosis underlay it in 57.78%, peritoneal carcinosis in 26.29%, primary and metastatic carcinoma, respectively, in 12.95%, tuberculous peritonitis in 1.42%, more rarely other diseases. Liver cirrhosis, malignant tumours and the other hepatic affections with concomitant ascites in their course can certainly be diagnosed laparoscopically. Laparoscopy with oriented biopsy of peritoneum and liver is of decisive importance in differentiating peritoneal carcinosis from tuberculosis. In peritoneal carcinosis the diagnosis (as based in clinical and laboratory findings) coincided perfectly with the laparoscopic and histologic one in 24.5%, partially in 45.5%. In 30% there was no congruence at all. Laparoscopy and the test methods associated with it contributed to the accurate diagnosis of peritoneal carcinosis in 75.5% of the patients. Ovarian carcinoma (20.9%) and cancer of the stomach (16.3%) underlay peritoneal carcinosis most frequently, other diseases by far more seldom.
在接受腹腔镜检查的2500例患者中，772例（30.89%）有腹水；其中57.78%的病因是肝硬化，26.29%是腹膜癌，原发性和转移性癌分别占12.95%，结核性腹膜炎占1.42%，其他疾病则更为少见。肝硬化、恶性肿瘤以及其他伴有腹水的肝脏疾病在病程中肯定可以通过腹腔镜检查来诊断。腹腔镜检查结合腹膜和肝脏的定向活检对于鉴别腹膜癌和结核至关重要。在腹膜癌中，（基于临床和实验室检查结果的）诊断与腹腔镜检查及组织学诊断完全相符的占24.5%，部分相符的占45.5%。完全不相符的占30%。腹腔镜检查及其相关检测方法使75.5%的患者得到了腹膜癌的准确诊断。腹膜癌最常见的病因是卵巢癌（20.9%）和胃癌（16.3%），其他疾病则要少得多。
