Wiman K G
Institutionen för tumörbiologi, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm.
Lakartidningen. 1992 Sep 23;89(39):3169-74.
The RB and p53 tumour suppressor genes encode nuclear proteins that exert an inhibitive effect on cell growth. A large variety of human tumour types manifest loss or mutation of the RB or p53 genes, and p53 mutation is the commonest genetic alteration found in tumour cells. In addition, the RB and p53 proteins may be inactivated by complex formation with viral oncoproteins--for instance, in the case of cervical carcinoma carrying human papilloma virus. In vivo introduction of an intact RB or p53 gene into malignant cells lacking the respective gene results in suppression of the neoplastic phenotype and thus of tumourigenicity, p53 being the more potent of the two in this respect. Further elucidation of tumour suppressor genes may well result in future improvement in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
RB和p53肿瘤抑制基因编码对细胞生长发挥抑制作用的核蛋白。多种人类肿瘤类型表现出RB或p53基因的缺失或突变，并且p53突变是在肿瘤细胞中发现的最常见的基因改变。此外，RB和p53蛋白可能通过与病毒癌蛋白形成复合物而失活——例如，在携带人乳头瘤病毒的宫颈癌病例中。将完整的RB或p53基因体内导入缺乏相应基因的恶性细胞会导致肿瘤表型的抑制，进而导致肿瘤发生能力的抑制，在这方面p53的作用更强。对肿瘤抑制基因的进一步阐明很可能会在未来改善癌症的诊断和治疗。
