Weinberg J
Department of Anatomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Alcohol. 1992 Sep-Oct;9(5):427-32. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(92)90043-a.
In the present study, effects of psychological stressors and stressor predictability on the adreno-cortical responses of animals exposed to ethanol in utero were examined. Male and female offspring from ethanol-exposed (E), pair-fed (PF), and ad lib-fed control (C) conditions were tested in adulthood. Separate sets of animals were exposed once daily for 5 consecutive days to either unpredictable (UNPRED) or predictable (PRED) restraint stress or to UNPRED novelty stress. On the fifth test day, blood samples for plasma corticosterone determination were taken either prior to stress (basal levels) or following stress. Males in all groups and C females had higher basal corticosterone levels if previously subjected to PRED restraint than if previously subjected to UNPRED restraint; E and PF females did not exhibit this differential responsiveness. Following restraint stress on the fifth test day, there were no significant differences in response to PRED and UNPRED restraint among E, PF, and C males. In contrast, C but not E or PF females exhibited a greater plasma corticosterone response to UNPRED than to PRED restraint. Following novelty stress, E males exhibited a significantly reduced plasma corticosterone response compared to PF and C males. For females, there was a trend for an increased corticoid response in E compared to PF females following novelty stress as well as a different pattern of response among groups from days 1 to 5 of testing. These data support and extend previous studies suggesting that, compared to PF and C animals, E animals may exhibit altered responses to stressors as well as deficits in the ability to use or respond to environmental cues.
在本研究中，我们检测了心理应激源和应激源可预测性对子宫内暴露于乙醇的动物肾上腺皮质反应的影响。对成年期的乙醇暴露组（E）、配对喂养组（PF）和自由进食对照组（C）的雄性和雌性后代进行了测试。将单独的动物组连续5天每天暴露于不可预测（UNPRED）或可预测（PRED）的束缚应激或不可预测的新奇应激中。在第五个测试日，在应激前（基础水平）或应激后采集血样以测定血浆皮质酮。如果之前接受过可预测的束缚，所有组中的雄性和对照组雌性的基础皮质酮水平高于之前接受不可预测束缚的情况；乙醇暴露组和配对喂养组的雌性未表现出这种差异反应性。在第五个测试日施加束缚应激后，乙醇暴露组、配对喂养组和对照组的雄性对可预测和不可预测束缚的反应没有显著差异。相比之下，对照组雌性而非乙醇暴露组或配对喂养组的雌性对不可预测束缚的血浆皮质酮反应大于对可预测束缚的反应。在新奇应激后，与配对喂养组和对照组雄性相比，乙醇暴露组雄性的血浆皮质酮反应显著降低。对于雌性，在新奇应激后，与配对喂养组雌性相比，乙醇暴露组雌性的皮质激素反应有增加的趋势，并且在测试的第1天至第5天各实验组之间的反应模式也有所不同。这些数据支持并扩展了先前的研究，表明与配对喂养组和对照组动物相比，乙醇暴露组动物可能对应激源表现出改变的反应以及在利用或响应环境线索的能力方面存在缺陷。
