Shlyakhov E N, Rubinstein E
Centre Médical Chaïm Sheba, Unité des Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Tel-Aviv, Tel-Hashomer, Israël.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1992;85(3):215-8.
The large use of antibiotics entailed a dizzy fall of the bacteriological positivity in diagnosis of acute anthrax, from 98-100% to 25% in average. Common serological methods are of low sensitivity and not so confluent. The more sophisticated methods (ELISA, EITB) are of a much better sensitivity but their employment in field epidemiological investigations is difficult and does not be suitable for a retrospective diagnosis. These inconveniences can be successfully surmounted by use of the anthraxin skin test. This test allows to diagnose acute anthrax in 98-100% of cases, and retrospectively (from 45 days to 30 years after recovery) in an average of 86.2% of cases. This skin test is simple for use, and does not requires a special medical competence.
大量使用抗生素导致急性炭疽诊断中细菌学阳性率急剧下降，平均从98%-100%降至25%。常用的血清学方法灵敏度低且结果不太一致。更先进的方法（酶联免疫吸附测定、免疫印迹法）灵敏度要高得多，但在现场流行病学调查中使用困难，且不适用于回顾性诊断。使用炭疽菌素皮肤试验可以成功克服这些不便之处。该试验能在98%-100%的病例中诊断出急性炭疽，并且在康复后45天至30年的回顾性诊断中，平均能诊断出86.2%的病例。这种皮肤试验使用简便，不需要特殊的医学技能。
