GILLIS D A, GRANTMYRE E B
Can Med Assoc J. 1965 Jan 30;92(5):225-7.
A mass of inspissated meconium in the distal colon or rectum is a relatively common cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction. The meconium-plug syndrome is unrelated to cystic fibrosis and meconium ileus. The clinical picture is frequently indistinguishable, without contrast study of the colon, from other forms of mechanical intestinal obstruction requiring laparotomy. A barium enema examination is almost always diagnostic, and use of this procedure usually results in dislodgement and passage of the plug.No single cause for the excessive viscosity and tenaciousness of the obstructive meconium mass has been identified. Previous reports have generally emphasized the normal ganglion-cell content of the colon in affected patients.Two infants are described who fulfilled all criteria for this syndrome but who were not rendered asymptomatic, as normally anticipated, by removal of the plug. Subsequent studies revealed the presence of Hirschsprung's disease in both patients. This diagnosis should be considered when an infant with meconium-plug obstruction of the colon fails to follow the usual satisfactory clinical course after the plug has been passed.
远端结肠或直肠内的胎粪稠块是新生儿肠梗阻相对常见的病因。胎粪堵塞综合征与囊性纤维化及胎粪性肠梗阻无关。在未进行结肠造影检查的情况下,其临床表现常与其他需要剖腹手术的机械性肠梗阻形式难以区分。钡剂灌肠检查几乎总能确诊,且采用此方法通常能使堵塞物排出。目前尚未明确导致梗阻性胎粪块过度黏稠和坚韧的单一原因。既往报道普遍强调了受累患者结肠中神经节细胞含量正常。本文描述了两名符合该综合征所有标准的婴儿,但他们并未如通常预期的那样,在取出堵塞物后症状消失。后续研究发现两名患者均患有先天性巨结肠。当患有结肠胎粪堵塞性梗阻的婴儿在堵塞物排出后未遵循通常令人满意的临床病程时,应考虑这一诊断。