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关于坦噶尼喀湖地区埃及血吸虫和牛血吸虫传播的观察

OBSERVATIONS ON THE TRANSMISSION OF SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM AND SCHISTOSOMA BOVIS IN THE LAKE REGION OF TANGANYIKA.

作者信息

KINOTI G

出版信息

Bull World Health Organ. 1964;31(6):815-23.

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2555183/

Abstract

Previous investigations have shown that in the Lake Region of Sukumaland, Tanganyika, where Schistosoma haematobium is highly endemic, Bulinus (Physopsis) nasutus is responsible for the transmission of that schistosome in small, temporary rain pools. This area is one of low rainfall, and large artificial reservoirs are the chief source of water in the dry season. The role of these reservoirs in S. haematobium transmission was studied over a period of about a year.Previous work in South Africa had indicated the potential danger of bovine schistosomes to man. S. bovis is a very common parasite in cattle in the Lake Region, and a search for its intermediate host or hosts, previously unidentified, was therefore also made.The results of this double investigation suggest that large bodies of water are relatively unimportant in the transmission of both S. haematobium and S. bovis. Bulinus (Physopsis) africanus is shown to be a second intermediate of S. haematobium and a vector of S. bovis as well. Transmission of these parasites by this snail takes place principally in streams.

摘要

此前的调查表明，在坦噶尼喀苏库马兰湖地区，埃及血吸虫高度流行，在小型临时雨池中，扁卷螺（拟扁卷螺属）是该血吸虫的传播媒介。该地区降雨较少，大型人工水库是旱季的主要水源。在大约一年的时间里，研究了这些水库在埃及血吸虫传播中的作用。此前在南非的研究表明，牛血吸虫对人类有潜在危险。牛血吸虫在湖区的牛群中是一种非常常见的寄生虫，因此还对其先前未确定的中间宿主进行了寻找。这项双重调查的结果表明，大片水域在埃及血吸虫和牛血吸虫的传播中相对不太重要。非洲扁卷螺（拟扁卷螺属）被证明是埃及血吸虫的第二中间宿主，也是牛血吸虫的传播媒介。这些寄生虫通过这种蜗牛的传播主要发生在溪流中。