UNANUE E R, DIXON F J
J Exp Med. 1965 May 1;121(5):715-25. doi: 10.1084/jem.121.5.715.
Nephrotoxic serum nephritis was studied in rats receiving variable amounts of kidney-fixing antibody and active or passive immunization to the heterologous gamma globulin of the species supplying the nephrotoxic antibody. Rats injected with a moderate to a large amount of kidney-fixing antibody (180 to 380 microg) and immunized to the heterologous gamma globulin developed a more severe nephritis than rats receiving similar amounts of antibody without further immunization. Rats injected with minimal amounts of kidney-fixing antibody (2 to 45 microg) and immunized to the heterologous gamma globulin developed a moderate nephritis in contrast to rats receiving similar amounts of antibody without further immunizations which showed no evidence of renal injury. In the rats receiving small doses of kidney-fixing antibody and immunization to the heterologous gamma globulin a lag period existed between the appearance of circulating antibody and kidney-fixed host antibodies and the appearance of renal injury. This delay apparently reflects the need for a continuing antigen-antibody reaction for some time in order to produce detectable injury with the small amounts of reactants involved. From these data it appears that, in the presence of excess circulating antibody, antigens occupying at most a few per cent of the glomerular capillary surface can provide an antigen-antibody interaction which will over a period of time cause detectable morphological and functional alterations of the glomerulus.
在接受不同剂量肾固定抗体以及对提供肾毒性抗体的物种的异源γ球蛋白进行主动或被动免疫的大鼠中，研究了肾毒性血清肾炎。注射中等至大量肾固定抗体（180至380微克）并对异源γ球蛋白进行免疫的大鼠，比未进一步免疫而接受相似剂量抗体的大鼠发生更严重的肾炎。注射少量肾固定抗体（2至45微克）并对异源γ球蛋白进行免疫的大鼠发生中度肾炎，相比之下，接受相似剂量抗体但未进一步免疫的大鼠未显示肾损伤迹象。在接受小剂量肾固定抗体并对异源γ球蛋白进行免疫的大鼠中，循环抗体和肾固定宿主抗体出现与肾损伤出现之间存在一段延迟期。这种延迟显然反映了需要持续一段时间的抗原-抗体反应，以便用少量反应物产生可检测到的损伤。从这些数据看来，在存在过量循环抗体的情况下，最多占据肾小球毛细血管表面百分之几的抗原能够提供抗原-抗体相互作用，这种相互作用在一段时间后会导致肾小球出现可检测到的形态和功能改变。
