Aursnes I, Stenberg-Nilsen H
Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Oslo, Norway.
Thromb Res. 1992 Oct 1;68(1):67-74. doi: 10.1016/0049-3848(92)90128-w.
The effect of intravenous infusion of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) on haemostatic and thrombotic mechanisms was studied in rats and rabbits. Infusion of ADP (0.2-1 microMol/kg/min) in rabbits prolonged the skin capillary bleeding time threefold after between 1/2 and 2 hours of infusion. Prolongation of the bleeding time was parallelled by reduced in vitro sensitivity of platelets to ADP in citrated platelet-rich plasma. No major changes in respiratory frequency and heart rate were observed. On the other hand, infusion of adenosine (1 microMol/kg/min) did not affect the bleeding times. Intravenous ADP (0.1 microMol/kg/min) significantly prolonged the bleeding time in anaesthetized rats. Platelet and red cell counts before and during the ADP infusion indicated slight, reversible platelet aggregation. After 75 min the ratio between red cells and platelets resumed a steady pre-experimental level. Platinum wires placed in the abdominal aorta of rats to monitor thrombus formation during ADP infusion indicated an antithrombotic effect of prolonged, low dose infusion of ADP. Since infusion of adenosine did not affect the haemostatic mechanisms, these observations may indicate that ADP infusion desensitized the platelet responsiveness to aggregating stimuli in vivo, and/or that prostacyclin production by endothelium was stimulated by infusion of ADP.
在大鼠和兔子身上研究了静脉输注二磷酸腺苷（ADP）对止血和血栓形成机制的影响。给兔子输注ADP（0.2 - 1微摩尔/千克/分钟），输注1/2至2小时后，皮肤毛细血管出血时间延长了两倍。出血时间延长的同时，枸橼酸化富血小板血浆中血小板对ADP的体外敏感性降低。未观察到呼吸频率和心率有重大变化。另一方面，输注腺苷（1微摩尔/千克/分钟）对出血时间没有影响。静脉注射ADP（0.1微摩尔/千克/分钟）可显著延长麻醉大鼠的出血时间。输注ADP前后的血小板和红细胞计数显示有轻微的、可逆的血小板聚集。75分钟后，红细胞与血小板的比例恢复到实验前的稳定水平。将铂丝置于大鼠腹主动脉以监测输注ADP期间的血栓形成，结果表明长时间低剂量输注ADP具有抗血栓作用。由于输注腺苷不影响止血机制，这些观察结果可能表明输注ADP使体内血小板对聚集刺激的反应性降低，和/或输注ADP刺激了内皮细胞产生前列环素。
