Aquilino Mary Lober, Goody Cynthia M, Lowe John B
Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 34 North High Circle Drive, Iowa City, IA, USA.
MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2003 Sep-Oct;28(5):326-32. doi: 10.1097/00005721-200309000-00013.
To examine the perspectives of WIC clinic providers on offering smoking cessation interventions for pregnant women.
Four focus groups consisting of WIC nurses, dietitians, and social workers (N = 25) were conducted at WIC clinics in eastern Iowa. Researchers developed discussion guidelines to determine how WIC providers currently approached pregnant women who smoke cigarettes and what they considered barriers to providing effective smoking cessation interventions. Code mapping was used to analyze focus group discussions.
Factors influencing the ability of WIC staff to provide a smoking cessation intervention for pregnant women included available time, clinic priorities, staff approaches to clients, and staff training. In addition, providers expressed concerns about educational materials for clients as well as additional client issues that prevented smoking cessation. The absence of mechanisms to track clinic outcomes related to smoking cessation was also noted.
WIC providers have time limitations that may necessitate minimal or low-intensity interventions for smoking cessation, but did not know that such approaches are actually effective. WIC providers require more education about the entire issue of smoking cessation in order to become more proactive in their attempts to help pregnant women quit. Training that enhances self-efficacy and understanding of the impact of smoking on mothers, infants, and children should be initiated to motivate staff to intervene. Another strategy to motivate WIC staff in this regard could be tracking clinic outcomes in helping women to quit smoking or prevent relapse.
探讨妇女、婴儿和儿童营养补充计划（WIC）诊所工作人员对于为孕妇提供戒烟干预措施的看法。
在爱荷华州东部的WIC诊所开展了4个焦点小组讨论，参与者包括WIC护士、营养师和社会工作者（N = 25）。研究人员制定了讨论指南，以确定WIC工作人员目前如何对待吸烟的孕妇，以及他们认为提供有效戒烟干预措施的障碍是什么。采用编码映射法分析焦点小组讨论内容。
影响WIC工作人员为孕妇提供戒烟干预措施能力的因素包括可用时间、诊所工作重点、工作人员对待客户的方式以及工作人员培训情况。此外，工作人员对面向客户的教育材料以及妨碍戒烟的其他客户问题表示担忧。还指出缺乏跟踪与戒烟相关的诊所结果的机制。
WIC工作人员存在时间限制，这可能需要采取最少或低强度的戒烟干预措施，但他们并不知晓此类方法实际上是有效的。WIC工作人员需要接受更多关于戒烟整体问题的教育，以便在帮助孕妇戒烟方面更加积极主动。应开展增强自我效能感以及理解吸烟对母亲、婴儿和儿童影响的培训，以激励工作人员进行干预。在这方面激励WIC工作人员的另一种策略可能是跟踪诊所帮助女性戒烟或防止复吸的结果。
