Nunn J H, Murray J J, Reynolds P, Tabari D, Breckon J
Department of Child Dental Health, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Community Dent Health. 1992 Sep;9(3):235-47.
Developmental defects of enamel were assessed in 15-year-old children born and continuously resident in three communities in the north east of England. In naturally fluoridated Hartlepool (F = 1.0-1.3 ppm), artificially fluoridated Newcastle (F = 1.0 ppm) and non-fluoridated Middlesbrough (F < 0.2 ppm) 361, 356 and 376 children respectively were examined. Conventional clinical recording and a photographic technique where colour slides are assessed at random were used and compared. Scoring in both assessments was done by using a modified version of both the Murray and Shaw index and the developmental defects of enamel index. In the clinical assessment more white lines and diffuse opacities were found in the fluoridated areas than in the non-fluoridated area. More opacities were recorded using the photographic assessment than with the clinical assessment, but a similar trend of an increased prevalence of white lines and diffuse opacities was observed using the photographic method. Overall, there was only a small increase in the prevalence of milder forms of enamel defects in fluoridated compared with non-fluoridated areas.
对出生并一直居住在英格兰东北部三个社区的15岁儿童的牙釉质发育缺陷情况进行了评估。在天然含氟的哈特尔浦（氟含量F = 1.0 - 1.3 ppm）、人工加氟的纽卡斯尔（F = 1.0 ppm）以及未加氟的米德尔斯堡（F < 0.2 ppm），分别对361名、356名和376名儿童进行了检查。采用了传统临床记录方法以及一种随机评估彩色幻灯片的摄影技术，并对二者进行比较。两种评估的评分均采用了默里和肖指数以及牙釉质发育缺陷指数的修改版本。在临床评估中，发现加氟地区的白线和弥散性浑浊比未加氟地区更多。摄影评估记录的浑浊情况比临床评估更多，但采用摄影方法也观察到了白线和弥散性浑浊患病率增加的类似趋势。总体而言，与未加氟地区相比，加氟地区轻度牙釉质缺陷的患病率仅略有增加。
