Jáskowski Piotr, Skalska Blandyna, Verleger Rolf
Department of Psychophysiology, Kazimierz Wielki University of Bydgoszcz, Poland.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2003 Aug 15;15(6):911-20. doi: 10.1162/089892903322370825.
Human performance may be primed by information not consciously available. Can such priming become so overwhelming that observers cannot help but act accordingly? In the present study, well-visible stimuli were preceded by whole series of unidentifiable stimuli. These series had strong, additive priming effects on behavior. However, their effect depended on the frequency with which they provided information conflicting to the visible main stimuli. Thus, effects of subliminal priming are under observers' strategic control, with the criterion presumably set as a function of the openly observable error frequency. Electrical brain potentials show that this criterion acts simultaneously at the level of visual discrimination of the primes and at motor activation evoked by the primes, thereby shielding observers from unwanted information.
人类的行为表现可能会受到潜意识中可得信息的启动。这种启动效应能否强烈到让观察者不由自主地做出相应行为呢？在本研究中，一系列难以辨认的刺激先于清晰可见的刺激出现。这些系列刺激对行为产生了强烈的累加启动效应。然而，其效果取决于它们提供与可见主要刺激相冲突信息的频率。因此，阈下启动效应受观察者的策略控制，其标准大概是根据公开观察到的错误频率设定的。脑电图显示，这一标准在对启动刺激的视觉辨别层面和由启动刺激诱发的运动激活层面同时起作用，从而使观察者免受不必要信息的干扰。
