Ebeja A Kadima, Lutumba P, Molisho D, Kegels G, Miaka mia Bilenge C, Boelaert M
Médecins sans Frontières, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo.
Trop Med Int Health. 2003 Oct;8(10):949-55. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01116.x.
In the Democratic Republic of Congo, the re-emergence of sleeping sickness is no longer limited to rural areas. Over the course of the past decade, more and more cases have been reported from urban centres such as Kinshasa, Mbuji-mayi, Matadi and Boma. This paper presents a retrospective analysis on the region of Kinshasa over the period 1996-2000, using epidemiological surveillance, individual case files and available entomological data. There are 22 health districts in total; they were classified as urban when the population exceeded 5000 per square kilometre. The Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) control programme reported 2451 parasitologically confirmed new cases between 1996 and 2000, in the entire region of Kinshasa. Affected people (66%) were aged 15-49 years. Cases occurred in every health district, and 956 (39%) occurred in urban residents. Glossina captures in 1999 established the presence of Trypanosoma spp. Local HAT transmission is plausible but not proven. The high number of urban cases necessitates development of control strategies adapted to cities.
在刚果民主共和国，昏睡病的再度出现已不再局限于农村地区。在过去十年间，金沙萨、姆布吉马伊、马塔迪和博马等城市中心报告的病例越来越多。本文利用流行病学监测、个人病例档案和现有的昆虫学数据，对1996年至2000年期间金沙萨地区进行了回顾性分析。该地区共有22个卫生区；当每平方公里人口超过5000人时，这些地区被归类为城市地区。人类非洲锥虫病（HAT）控制项目报告称，1996年至2000年期间，在金沙萨整个地区共有2451例经寄生虫学确诊的新病例。受影响人群（66%）年龄在15至49岁之间。每个卫生区都有病例发生，其中956例（39%）发生在城市居民中。1999年采采蝇捕获情况证实存在锥虫属。当地存在HAT传播似乎合理，但尚未得到证实。城市病例数量众多，因此有必要制定适合城市的控制策略。
