Fisher S N, Guénault A M, Mulders N, Pickett G R
Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB United Kingdom.
Phys Rev Lett. 2003 Sep 5;91(10):105303. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.91.105303.
We have measured the thermal conductivity of liquid 3He in 98% aerogel at ultralow temperatures. Aerogel introduces disorder on a scale comparable to the superfluid coherence length. At low pressures the liquid in the aerogel shows normal-state behavior with conductivity linear in temperature. At pressures above approximately 6 bars the onset of superfluidity suppresses the conductivity and the thermal conductivity again tends towards linear behavior in the very low temperature limit, providing strong evidence that here the liquid 3He in the aerogel is behaving as a gapless superfluid.
我们测量了超低温下98%气凝胶中液态³He的热导率。气凝胶在与超流相干长度相当的尺度上引入无序。在低压下，气凝胶中的液体表现出正常态行为，其电导率与温度呈线性关系。在大约6巴以上的压力下，超流态的出现抑制了电导率，并且在极低温度极限下热导率再次趋于线性行为，这有力地证明了气凝胶中的液态³He在这里表现为无隙超流体。
