Loza Elena, Cantón Rafael, Pascual Alvaro, Tubau Fe, Morosini M Isabel, Almaraz Felisa, Perea Evelio, Martín Rogelio, Jones Ronald N, Baquero Fernando
Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Madrid. Spain.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2003 Oct;21(8):404-9. doi: 10.1016/s0213-005x(03)72977-2.
To evaluate the in vitro activity of the new des-fluoro quinolone, garenoxacin (BMS-284756), compared to activities of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin in clinical isolates recovered over 1999 and 2000 within the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program.
Quinolone-MICs were performed using the standard NCCLS microdilution technique in 2599 isolates recovered from Hospital Ramón y Cajal (Madrid), Virgen Macarena (Sevilla), and Bellvitge (Barcelona).
The modal MIC range value exhibited by garenoxacin ( < or = 0.03-0.12 mg/L) for Enterobacteriaceae was similar to that of the other quinolones tested. A total of 70% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were susceptible to garenoxacin and 85% to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. Garenoxacin exhibited the highest activity in Staphylococcus aureus, including both methicillin-susceptible and -resistant isolates, with MIC90 values of < or = 0.03 and 2 mg/L, respectively. All Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to garenoxacin, regardless of their penicillin susceptibility status; in terms of MIC90, garenoxacin was 16 times more active than ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin and 4-8 times more active than gatifloxacin. All 6 ciprofloxacin-resistant S. pneumoniae strains showed garenoxacin MIC values ranging from < or = 0.03 to 0.5 mg/L. In Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis, garenoxacin displayed excellent in vitro activity (MIC < or = 0.06 mg/L), similar to that of the other quinolones tested.
Garenoxacin activity was similar to the activity of other quinolones in Enterobacteriaceae, but was lower in P. aeruginosa. Garenoxacin activity was clearly higher than that of other quinolones in gram-positive isolates, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus and S. pneumoniae with reduced penicillin susceptibility.
在哨兵抗菌监测项目中，评估新型去氟喹诺酮类药物加替沙星（BMS - 284756）与环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星和加替沙星在1999年和2000年期间分离出的临床菌株中的体外活性。
采用标准的美国国家临床实验室标准化委员会（NCCLS）微量稀释技术，对从拉蒙·卡哈尔医院（马德里）、圣维森特·马卡雷纳医院（塞维利亚）和贝尔维特医院（巴塞罗那）分离出的2599株菌株进行喹诺酮类药物最低抑菌浓度（MIC）检测。
加替沙星对肠杆菌科细菌的MIC范围值模式（≤0.03 - 0.12mg/L）与其他受试喹诺酮类药物相似。总共70%的铜绿假单胞菌菌株对加替沙星敏感，85%对环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星敏感。加替沙星在金黄色葡萄球菌中表现出最高活性，包括甲氧西林敏感和耐药菌株，其MIC90值分别≤0.03和2mg/L。所有肺炎链球菌菌株对加替沙星敏感，无论其对青霉素的敏感状态如何；就MIC90而言，加替沙星的活性比环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星高16倍，比加替沙星高4 - 8倍。所有6株对环丙沙星耐药的肺炎链球菌菌株的加替沙星MIC值范围为≤0.03至0.5mg/L。在流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌中，加替沙星表现出优异的体外活性（MIC≤0.06mg/L），与其他受试喹诺酮类药物相似。
加替沙星在肠杆菌科细菌中的活性与其他喹诺酮类药物相似，但在铜绿假单胞菌中活性较低。加替沙星在革兰氏阳性菌中的活性明显高于其他喹诺酮类药物，包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和青霉素敏感性降低的肺炎链球菌。
