Cabrero E, Gómez-Acebo A, García-Alcázar I, Luna J D, Luna A
Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain.
Med Lav. 2003 Jul-Aug;94(4):364-73.
Social problems in enterprises need to be approached by all groups involved in order to achieve a satisfactory result. With regard to Occupational Health and, specifically, drug-addiction, the groups concerned are Occupational Health Services, Trade Unionists and Managers.
To analyse the involvement of the social groups (Occupational Health Service, Management and Trade Unions) in relation to the detection of workers suffering from drug-addiction and/or alcoholism.
During the first eight years of implementation (1990-1997) of the Drug-Addiction and Alcoholism Treatment Programme of the Spanish National Railway Company (RENFE), a total of 477 workers consuming alcohol and drugs were detected and treated under the Programme (1.1% prevalence), 465 men (97.5%) and 12 women (2.5%), with an average age of 39.8 years.
The subjects were detected by occupational physicians (55.4%), occupational psychologists (2.9%), managers (11.3%), trade unionists (19.5%), via self-referral (9.4%) and by other means (1.5%).
The results demonstrate the efficiency and the profitability to the company of prevention and treatment interventions and the need for the coordination of managers, trade unions and occupational health services.
企业中的社会问题需要所有相关群体共同应对，以取得满意的结果。在职业健康方面，特别是药物成瘾问题上，相关群体包括职业健康服务机构、工会成员和管理人员。
分析社会群体（职业健康服务机构、管理层和工会）在检测吸毒和/或酗酒工人方面的参与情况。
在西班牙国家铁路公司（RENFE）的药物成瘾和酗酒治疗计划实施的前八年（1990 - 1997年）期间，共有477名酗酒和吸毒工人在该计划下被检测和治疗（患病率为1.1%），其中男性465名（97.5%），女性12名（2.5%），平均年龄为39.8岁。
这些对象由职业医生检测出的占55.4%，职业心理学家检测出的占2.9%，管理人员检测出的占11.3%，工会成员检测出的占19.5%，通过自我转诊检测出的占9.4%，通过其他方式检测出的占1.5%。
结果表明预防和治疗干预措施对公司具有效率和效益，并且管理人员、工会和职业健康服务机构需要进行协调。
