Onyeaso Chukwudi Ochi
Orthodontic Unit, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
J Dent Child (Chic). 2003 May-Aug;70(2):159-63.
Proper well-organized orthodontic treatment planning for special needs patients quantifies such needs with a valid screening method to determine priority treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the orthodontic treatment needs of mentally handicapped children in Ibadan, Nigeria.
The sample consisted of 124 mentally handicapped children, 68 boys and 56 girls who were 6 to 18 years old with mean age of 14.5 +/- 1.5 years, drawn from 7 special centers/schools in the city.
Less than 42% had normal or minor malocclusions needing slight or no treatment; 17% had definite malocclusions with treatment elective; 9% had severe malocclusions and treatment highly desirable; 32% had very severe or handicapping malocclusions with treatment considered mandatory. Significant gender differences were found in the mean dental aesthetic index (DAI) scores (P < .05) and significant association noted (P < .05) between severe mental retardation and DAI scores deserving treatment.
There were considerable orthodontic treatment needs among the study population with a reasonable percentage deserving treatment in publicly funded programs.
为特殊需求患者制定合理且有条理的正畸治疗计划，需通过有效的筛查方法对这些需求进行量化，以确定优先治疗方案。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚伊巴丹市智障儿童的正畸治疗需求。
样本包括124名智障儿童，其中68名男孩和56名女孩，年龄在6至18岁之间，平均年龄为14.5 +/- 1.5岁，他们来自该市的7个特殊中心/学校。
不到42%的儿童存在正常或轻度错牙合畸形，只需轻微治疗或无需治疗；17%的儿童有明确的错牙合畸形，可选择治疗；9%的儿童有严重错牙合畸形，非常需要治疗；32%的儿童有非常严重或致残性错牙合畸形，治疗被认为是必需的。在平均牙齿美学指数（DAI）得分上发现了显著的性别差异（P < .05），并且在严重智力迟钝与值得治疗的DAI得分之间发现了显著关联（P < .05）。
研究人群中存在相当大的正畸治疗需求，在公共资助项目中有相当比例的患者值得治疗。
