Tözsér József
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen University, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2003;3(13):1447-57. doi: 10.2174/1568026033451781.
The replication cycle of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is divided into an early and a late phase. Most of the steps of the cycle have been targeted in antiviral therapy, although the drugs currently available for clinical use are only effective against two replication enzymes of the virus, either against the reverse transcriptase or against the viral protease. The introduction of combination anti-retroviral therapy changed the prognosis of HIV infection. HIV-related morbidity and mortality rates in patients with advanced HIV infection have significantly declined. However, there are severe limits of HAART. Current anti-retroviral therapy do not allow viral eradication, therefore long-term use of the drugs is required. As a consequence, resistance develops in a significant portion of patients. Furthermore, several adverse metabolic side effects have been observed associated with the therapy. Therefore new approaches are required to control or eradicate this deadly virus infection.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的复制周期分为早期和晚期。尽管目前可用于临床的药物仅对该病毒的两种复制酶有效，即针对逆转录酶或病毒蛋白酶，但该周期的大多数步骤已成为抗病毒治疗的靶点。联合抗逆转录病毒疗法的引入改变了HIV感染的预后。晚期HIV感染患者中与HIV相关的发病率和死亡率显著下降。然而，高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（HAART）存在严重局限性。目前的抗逆转录病毒疗法无法根除病毒，因此需要长期使用药物。结果，相当一部分患者出现了耐药性。此外，还观察到与该疗法相关的几种不良代谢副作用。因此，需要新的方法来控制或根除这种致命的病毒感染。
