Reddy M, Pratt W, Dourish P, Shabot M M
School of Management und Information Systems, Fulton Hall 106D, University of Missouri - Rolla Rolla, MO 65409-0320, USA.
Methods Inf Med. 2003;42(4):437-44.
We explore sociotechnical requirements by examining the use of a computerized patient record system in an intensive care unit of a U.S. hospital and present two sociotechnical requirements, awareness and coordination, embedded in the users' work.
The study is based on observation during seven months of the use of a computerized patient record system in a surgical intensive care unit. During that period semi-formal interviews, informal interviews were held.
A key step in the design of clinical systems is the development and analysis of requirements. However, traditional requirements analysis is based on a set of assumptions that break down in the highly collaborative, exception-filled clinical domain. Sociotechnical requirement analysis enabled the designers to gather a much richer description of the environment surrounding the computer system, highlighting awareness and coordination, embedded in the users' work.
我们通过考察美国一家医院重症监护病房中计算机化患者记录系统的使用情况来探究社会技术需求，并提出两项蕴含于用户工作中的社会技术需求，即认知和协调。
本研究基于对一个外科重症监护病房使用计算机化患者记录系统七个月期间的观察。在此期间进行了半正式访谈和非正式访谈。
临床系统设计中的关键一步是需求的开发与分析。然而，传统的需求分析基于一系列假设，而这些假设在高度协作、充满例外情况的临床领域中会失效。社会技术需求分析使设计者能够更全面地描述计算机系统所处的环境，突出了蕴含于用户工作中的认知和协调需求。
