Hust Stacey J T, Andsager Julie L
School of Journalism and Communication, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Women Health. 2003;38(1):101-22. doi: 10.1300/J013v38n01_07.
Women over the age of 40 are largely absent from media imagery. This study examined how magazines have framed menopause over the past two decades, as an increasing number of women have entered the phase. Using a traditional content analysis, we analyzed author and source gender, topics, and photographs in menopause articles in seven news and women's magazines. A computerized content-analysis program was used to determine how the magazines framed menopause. "Framing" refers to the emphasis and theme(s) of an article. Women's magazines provided a broad range of topics to help women prepare and cope; news magazines reported scientific developments, particularly in fertility. More frames, including clearer descriptions of symptoms and effects, occurred in women's magazines. Female authors included menopausal women as sources, but males did not. Photos of menopausal women appeared in a small portion of articles, and the women shown were predominantly white. Findings indicate some consistency with media coverage of other women's health issues, but with greater differences between news and women's magazines.
40岁以上的女性在媒体形象中基本缺失。随着越来越多的女性进入更年期阶段，本研究考察了过去二十年来杂志是如何呈现更年期的。我们采用传统的内容分析法，分析了七家新闻杂志和女性杂志中更年期相关文章的作者性别、来源、主题及照片。运用计算机化的内容分析程序来确定杂志对更年期的呈现方式。“呈现方式”指的是一篇文章的重点和主题。女性杂志提供了广泛的主题来帮助女性做好准备并应对；新闻杂志报道了科学进展，尤其是在生育方面。女性杂志中有更多的呈现方式，包括对症状和影响更清晰的描述。女性作者将更年期女性作为消息来源，而男性作者则没有。更年期女性的照片出现在一小部分文章中，且照片中的女性主要是白人。研究结果表明，与媒体对其他女性健康问题的报道存在一些一致性，但新闻杂志和女性杂志之间的差异更大。
