Johns J M, Means L W, Means M J, McMillen B A
Department of Pharmacology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858-4354.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1992 Sep-Oct;14(5):337-42. doi: 10.1016/0892-0362(92)90040-h.
Sperm-positive Sprague-Dawley rats received one of four treatments for 20 days beginning within 24 hours of conception. One group received subcutaneous injections of 15 mg/kg cocaine twice daily (Cocaine-D); a second group received 15 mg/kg cocaine twice daily for two consecutive days at 5-day intervals (Cocaine-I); a third group received normal saline twice daily (Saline); and a fourth group received 1.5 mg/kg amfonelic acid (AFA), a dopamine reuptake inhibitor, once daily. Cocaine-D, Cocaine-I, and AFA dams were fed ad lib. An attempt was made to pair-feed the Saline dams with the Cocaine-D dams; however, the Saline dams did not eat as much as the Cocaine-D dams which resulted in dams in all groups essentially eating ad lib. The Cocaine-D pups showed a slightly delayed righting behavior and neophobia at 30 days of age, as evidenced by hypoactivity during the first 15 min of a 6-h activity test. The Cocaine-I pups were hypoactive during the 3-h dark phase of the 6-h activity test when tested at 30 days of age. These effects did not occur in the offspring exposed to AFA, a potent dopamine uptake inhibitor and CNS stimulant which indicate that one or more other sites for cocaine action may combine for its effects on the developing fetus.
受孕后24小时内，精子呈阳性的斯普拉格-道利大鼠接受四种处理之一，为期20天。一组大鼠每天皮下注射两次15毫克/千克可卡因（可卡因-D组）；第二组大鼠每隔5天连续两天每天皮下注射两次15毫克/千克可卡因（可卡因-I组）；第三组大鼠每天皮下注射两次生理盐水（生理盐水组）；第四组大鼠每天皮下注射一次1.5毫克/千克安非他明（AFA），一种多巴胺再摄取抑制剂。可卡因-D组、可卡因-I组和AFA组的母鼠自由采食。尝试对生理盐水组的母鼠与可卡因-D组的母鼠进行配对喂食；然而，生理盐水组的母鼠食量不如可卡因-D组的母鼠，这导致所有组的母鼠基本上都是自由采食。可卡因-D组的幼鼠在30日龄时表现出翻正行为略有延迟和新物恐惧，这在6小时活动测试的前15分钟内表现为活动不足。可卡因-I组的幼鼠在30日龄进行6小时活动测试的3小时黑暗期内活动不足。这些影响在接触AFA（一种强效多巴胺摄取抑制剂和中枢神经系统兴奋剂）的后代中未出现，这表明可卡因作用的一个或多个其他部位可能共同作用于发育中的胎儿。
