Hartl Günther B, Zachos Frank, Nadlinger Karl
Institut für Haustierkunde der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 60, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
C R Biol. 2003 Aug;326 Suppl 1:S37-42. doi: 10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00025-8.
Allozyme, microsatellite and mtDNA (RFLP and sequence) data of European red deer populations were examined as to their capability of indicating anthropogenic influences such as the keeping of animals in enclosures, selective hunting for trophies translocation of specimens to improve trophy quality and habitat fragmentation. Deer in enclosures revealed considerable deviations of allele frequencies from isolation-by-distance expectations but no remarkable loss of genetic diversity. Particular allozyme genotypes were associated with antler morphology, and selective hunting was shown to alter allele frequencies in the expected direction. Habitat fragmentation is reflected by various kinds of genetic markers but due to the lack of information on population histories no unequivocal evidence on particular human activities could be obtained.
对欧洲马鹿种群的等位酶、微卫星和线粒体DNA（限制性片段长度多态性和序列）数据进行了研究，以考察它们指示人为影响的能力，这些影响包括圈养动物、为获取战利品而进行的选择性狩猎、为提高战利品质量而进行的标本转移以及栖息地破碎化。圈养的鹿显示出等位基因频率与距离隔离预期有相当大的偏差，但遗传多样性没有显著损失。特定的等位酶基因型与鹿角形态相关，并且选择性狩猎显示会按预期方向改变等位基因频率。栖息地破碎化通过各种遗传标记得以体现，但由于缺乏种群历史信息，无法获得关于特定人类活动的确凿证据。
