Monagas María, Gómez-Cordovés Carmen, Bartolomé Begoña, Laureano Olga, Ricardo da Silva Jorge M
Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales, CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Oct 22;51(22):6475-81. doi: 10.1021/jf030325+.
The monomeric, oligomeric, and polymeric flavan-3-ol composition of wines, grape seeds, and skins from Vitis vinifera L. cv. Graciano, Tempranillo, and Cabernet Sauvignon has been studied using (1) fractionation by polyamide column chromatography followed by HPLC/ESI-MS analysis, (2) fractionation on C(18) Sep-Pak cartridges followed by reaction with vanillin and acid-catalyzed degradation in the presence of toluene-alpha-thiol (thiolysis). The content of monomers ((+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin), procyanidin dimers (B3, B1, B4, and B2), trimers (T2 and C1), and dimer gallates (B2-3-O-gallate, B2-3'-O-gallate, and B1-3-O-gallate) ranged from 76.93 to 133.18 mg/L in wines, from 2.30 to 8.21 mg/g in grape seeds, and from 0.14 to 0.38 mg/g in grape skins. In wines, the polymeric fraction represented 77-84% of total flavan-3-ols and showed a mean degree of polymerization (mDP) value of 6.3-13.0. In grapes, the polymeric fraction represented 75-81% of total flavan-3-ols in seeds and 94-98% in skins and showed mDP values of 6.4-7.3 in seeds and 33.8-85.7 in skins. All the monomeric flavan-3-ols and oligomeric procyanidins found in wines were also present in seeds, although differences in their relative abundances were seen. The skin polymeric proanthocyanidins participated in the equilibration of the wine polymeric proanthocyanidin fraction, especially contributing to the polymer subunit composition and mDP.
采用以下方法对酿酒葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）品种格拉西亚诺（Graciano）、丹魄（Tempranillo）和赤霞珠（Cabernet Sauvignon）的葡萄酒、葡萄籽及葡萄皮中的单体、寡聚体和聚合体黄烷 - 3 - 醇成分进行了研究：（1）通过聚酰胺柱色谱法分离，随后进行HPLC/ESI - MS分析；（2）在C(18) Sep - Pak柱上分离，随后与香草醛反应，并在甲苯 - α - 硫醇（硫解）存在下进行酸催化降解。葡萄酒中单体（(+)-儿茶素和(-)-表儿茶素）、原花青素二聚体（B3、B1、B4和B2）、三聚体（T2和C1）以及二聚体没食子酸盐（B2 - 3 - O - 没食子酸盐、B2 - 3'-O - 没食子酸盐和B1 - 3 - O - 没食子酸盐）的含量在76.93至133.18 mg/L之间，葡萄籽中为2.30至8.21 mg/g，葡萄皮中为0.14至0.38 mg/g。在葡萄酒中，聚合部分占总黄烷 - 3 - 醇的77 - 84%，平均聚合度（mDP）值为6.3 - 13.0。在葡萄中，聚合部分在葡萄籽中占总黄烷 - 3 - 醇的75 - 81%，在葡萄皮中占94 - 98%，葡萄籽中的mDP值为6.4 - 7.3，葡萄皮中的mDP值为33.8 - 85.7。葡萄酒中发现的所有单体黄烷 - 3 - 醇和寡聚体原花青素在葡萄籽中也存在，尽管它们的相对丰度存在差异。葡萄皮中的聚合原花青素参与了葡萄酒聚合原花青素部分的平衡，尤其对聚合物亚基组成和mDP有贡献。
