Hirose T, Tada Y, Hasegawa M
Sendai Nishikicho Clinic, Occupational Health Center, Sendai, Japan.
J Hum Ergol (Tokyo). 2001 Dec;30(1-2):339-43.
This study investigated the effects of working night shifts on social and family life by examining changes in workers' daily life before and after a change in their shifts. Subjects were 40 women aged 27-59 years, working at a dish factory. During the health examination of night workers in autumn of 2000, the subjects were directly interviewed about changes in their lives induced by the shift change. Question parameters consisted of 8 items including 30 sub-items related to social and family life, such as sleep, rest, meals, sports, family time, hobbies, neighborhood association and social activities. The subjects selected one of four response categories: "becoming worse", "no change", "becoming better" and "difficult to determine." With regard to the percentage of "becoming worse", meal-related items ranked high in all of the shift types. "Family time" and "hobbies" showed high percentages in the subjects transferring from day shifts to night shifts, and in those transferring from early-morning shifts to night shifts. "Rest", "sports" and "hobbies" showed high percentages in the subjects transferring from night shifts to midnight shifts. Decreased sleeping hours were confirmed in all of the shift types, while the subjects tended to sleep more soundly. As the workers transfer to shifts at earlier hours, they were obliged to make sacrifices in various aspects of their social and family life. Therefore, much assistance in this regard should be given to them.
本研究通过调查工人轮班前后日常生活的变化，探讨了上夜班对其社会和家庭生活的影响。研究对象为40名年龄在27至59岁之间、在一家餐具厂工作的女性。在2000年秋季对夜班工人进行健康检查时，直接询问了这些对象轮班变化给她们生活带来的改变。问题参数包括8个项目，其中有30个与社会和家庭生活相关的子项目，如睡眠、休息、饮食、运动、家庭时间、爱好、邻里关系和社交活动等。对象从“变差”“无变化”“变好”和“难以确定”这四个回答类别中选择其一。就“变差”的比例而言，与饮食相关的项目在所有轮班类型中占比都很高。在从日班转为夜班以及从早班转为夜班的对象中，“家庭时间”和“爱好”的占比很高。在从夜班转为午夜班的对象中，“休息”“运动”和“爱好”的占比很高。所有轮班类型的睡眠时间均减少，但对象的睡眠质量往往更高。随着工人转为更早时段的轮班，他们在社会和家庭生活的各个方面都不得不做出牺牲。因此，在这方面应给予他们更多帮助。
