Briko N I, Filatov N N, Zhuravlev M V, Lytkina I N, Ezhlova E B, Brazhnikov A Iu, Tsapkova N N, Malyshev N A
Sechenov Medical Academy, State Sanitary and Epidemiologcal Surveillance Center, Moscow, Russia.
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 2003 Sep-Oct(5):67-72.
During the period of 1953-2001 scarlet fever morbidity level fluctuated from 670.3 to 65.9 per 100,000 of the population in Moscow and from 531.9 to 35.0 per 100,000 of the population of the Russian Federation. In recent years an increased morbidity was more pronounced in Moscow than in the Russian Federation as a whole. Children formed the greater part of scarlet fever patients, the cases of scarlet fever among children in Moscow occurring more often than, on the average, in Russia. As before, annual morbidity among children attending children's institutions was higher 3- to 4-fold than among children brought up at home. This difference was most sharply pronounced among young children during the first two years of their life. In contrast to morbidity observed during previous 20-30 years, a drop in morbidity among children during the first two years of their life was registered, while morbidity level among children aged 3-6 years and 7-14 years increased. Scarlet fever morbidity had a pronounced seasonal (autumn-winter) pattern. In a group of children aged 3-5 years who attended organized groups, on the average, 78.6% of scarlet fever cases fell on seasonal morbidity, the most prolonged one.
在1953年至2001年期间，莫斯科猩红热发病率从每10万人670.3例波动至65.9例，俄罗斯联邦则从每10万人531.9例波动至35.0例。近年来，莫斯科猩红热发病率的上升比整个俄罗斯联邦更为明显。儿童构成了猩红热患者的大部分，莫斯科儿童患猩红热的病例比俄罗斯平均水平更为常见。与以往一样，在儿童机构就读的儿童的年发病率比在家抚养的儿童高3至4倍。这种差异在幼儿出生后的头两年最为明显。与过去20至30年观察到的发病率情况相反，幼儿出生后头两年的发病率有所下降，而3至6岁和7至14岁儿童的发病率有所上升。猩红热发病率呈现出明显的季节性（秋冬）模式。在一组3至5岁参加有组织活动的儿童中，平均78.6%的猩红热病例属于季节性发病，且发病时间最长。
