[History of the barber-surgery in Rzeszów].

The beginning of barber-surgeons activity in the Rzeszów area was presented in this paper. The first entry of the presence of barber-surgeons in Rzeszów dates from 1484 and informs about a conflict between them and the bath attendants. In 1626, following the example of other Polish cities, the first barber-surgeons guild was established also in Rzeszów. The names of its founders are cited in this paper. Albert Boniecki was the first head of the surgical guild. In consequence of changes in the composition of the population and religious faith, a new guild was created in 1699, whose members were both, Christian and Jews. Until to the end of the so called First Polish Republic, the surgical activity in Rzeszów was in the hands of guild-educated barber-surgeons. Two tables give the numbers and names of Christian and Jewish surgeons in particular years. Figures bring the shape of original documents.