Hall Joseph W, Grose John H, Buss Emily, Dev Madhu B, Drake Amelia F, Pillsbury Harold C
Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599, USA.
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2003 Oct;129(10):1056-62. doi: 10.1001/archotol.129.10.1056.
To determine the effect of otitis media with effusion (OME) on perceptual masking (a phenomenon in which spondee threshold for a 2-talker masker is poorer than for a speech-shaped noise masker).
Longitudinal testing over a 1-year period following insertion of tympanostomy tubes, using clinical and normal-hearing control groups.
Forty-seven children having a history of OME were tested. Possible testing intervals were just before the placement of tympanostomy tubes, and up to 3 separate occasions after the placement of the tubes. An age-matched control group of 19 children was tested.
A perceptual masking paradigm was used to measure the ability of the listener to recognize a spondee in either a speech-shaped noise or a 2-talker masker background. The masker was either continuous or gated on and off with the target spondee.
In gated masking conditions, children with a history of normal hearing showed only slight perceptual masking, but the children with a history of OME showed relatively great perceptual masking before surgery and up to 6 months following surgery. In continuous masking conditions, both groups of children showed relatively great perceptual masking and did not differ significantly from each other in this respect either before or after surgery. However, before surgery, the OME group showed higher thresholds in both the 2-talker and speech-shaped noise maskers.
In agreement with previous psychoacoustical findings, the relatively great perceptual masking in gated conditions shown by children with OME history may reflect a general deficit in complex auditory processing.
确定中耳积液（OME）对感知掩蔽（一种现象，即对于双说话者掩蔽器，扬扬格词阈比言语谱噪声掩蔽器的扬扬格词阈更差）的影响。
在插入鼓膜造孔管后的1年期间进行纵向测试，使用临床组和听力正常的对照组。
对47名有OME病史的儿童进行测试。可能的测试间隔为就在放置鼓膜造孔管之前，以及放置管子后的3个不同时间点。对19名年龄匹配的儿童组成的对照组进行测试。
采用感知掩蔽范式来测量听者在言语谱噪声或双说话者掩蔽器背景中识别扬扬格词的能力。掩蔽器要么是连续的，要么与目标扬扬格词同步开关。
在门控掩蔽条件下，有正常听力史的儿童仅表现出轻微的感知掩蔽，但有OME病史的儿童在手术前及手术后长达6个月表现出相对较大的感知掩蔽。在连续掩蔽条件下，两组儿童均表现出相对较大的感知掩蔽，且在手术前后这方面彼此无显著差异。然而，手术前，OME组在双说话者和言语谱噪声掩蔽器中均表现出更高的阈值。
与先前的心理声学研究结果一致，有OME病史的儿童在门控条件下表现出的相对较大的感知掩蔽可能反映了复杂听觉处理方面的普遍缺陷。
