Krause Matthias, Dent Erik W, Bear James E, Loureiro Joseph J, Gertler Frank B
Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2003;19:541-64. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.19.050103.103356.
Ena/VASP proteins are a conserved family of actin regulatory proteins made up of EVH1, EVH2 domains, and a proline-rich central region. They have been implicated in actin-based processes such as fibroblast migration, axon guidance, and T cell polarization and are important for the actin-based motility of the intracellular pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Mechanistically, these proteins associate with barbed ends of actin filaments and antagonize filament capping by capping protein (CapZ). In addition, they reduce the density of Arp2/3-dependent actin filament branches and bind Profilin at sites of actin polymerization. Vertebrate Ena/VASP proteins are substrates for PKA/PKG serine/threonine kinases. Phosphorylation by these kinases appears to modulate Ena/VASP function within cells, although the mechanism underlying this regulation remains to be determined.
Ena/VASP蛋白是一类保守的肌动蛋白调节蛋白家族，由EVH1、EVH2结构域和富含脯氨酸的中央区域组成。它们参与了基于肌动蛋白的过程，如成纤维细胞迁移、轴突导向和T细胞极化，并且对于细胞内病原体单核细胞增生李斯特菌基于肌动蛋白的运动性很重要。从机制上讲，这些蛋白与肌动蛋白丝的尖端结合，并通过帽蛋白（CapZ）拮抗丝帽化。此外，它们降低了Arp2/3依赖性肌动蛋白丝分支的密度，并在肌动蛋白聚合位点结合丝切蛋白。脊椎动物Ena/VASP蛋白是PKA/PKG丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶的底物。这些激酶的磷酸化似乎在细胞内调节Ena/VASP功能，尽管这种调节的潜在机制仍有待确定。
