Brodsky Martin B, McNeil Malcolm R, Doyle Patrick J, Fossett Tepanata R D, Timm Neil H, Park Grace H
VA Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2003 Oct;46(5):1124-37. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2003/088).
Using story retelling as an index of language ability, it is difficult to disambiguate comprehension and memory deficits. Collecting data on the serial position effect (SPE), however, illuminates the memory component. This study examined the SPE of the percentage of information units (%IU) produced in the connected speech samples of adults with aphasia and age-matched, non-brain-injured (NBI) participants. The NBI participants produced significantly more direct and alternate IUs than participants with aphasia. Significant age and gender differences were found in subsamples of the NBI controls, with younger and female participants generating significantly more direct IUs than male and older NBI participants. Alternate IU productions did not generate an SPE from any group. There was a significant linear increase from the initial (primacy) to the final (recency) portion of the recalled alternate IUs for both the NBI group and the group of participants with aphasia. Results provide evidence that individuals with aphasia recall discourse length information using similar memory functions as the nonimpaired population, though at a reduced level of efficiency or quantity. A quadratic model is suggested for the recall of information directly recalled from discourse-length language material.
将故事复述作为语言能力的指标时，很难区分理解和记忆缺陷。然而，收集关于系列位置效应（SPE）的数据能够揭示记忆成分。本研究考察了失语症成年人与年龄匹配的非脑损伤（NBI）参与者在连贯言语样本中产生的信息单元百分比（%IU）的系列位置效应。NBI参与者产生的直接和交替信息单元比失语症参与者显著更多。在NBI对照组的子样本中发现了显著的年龄和性别差异，年轻和女性NBI参与者产生的直接信息单元比男性和年长的NBI参与者显著更多。任何组的交替IU产生都未产生系列位置效应。对于NBI组和失语症参与者组，从回忆的交替IU的初始（首因）部分到最终（近因）部分都有显著的线性增加。结果提供了证据，表明失语症个体使用与未受损人群相似的记忆功能来回忆语篇长度信息，尽管效率或数量有所降低。建议采用二次模型来回忆从语篇长度语言材料中直接回忆出的信息。
