Burling Andrea Seidner, Burling Thomas A
American Institutes for Research and Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2003 Oct;5(5):625-33. doi: 10.1080/1462220031000158708.
This study examined the psychometric properties and validity of the Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), and the Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI) when used as self-report measures of nicotine dependence among male drug/alcohol-dependent smokers (n=191 participants in a large stop-smoking study). All three measures had fairly low internal consistency. The FTQ and FTND had similar two-factor structures, but the FTND factor structure accounted for a greater percentage of the item variance. All three measures were significantly correlated in the expected directions with several independent self-report and biochemical indicators of nicotine dependence (e.g., cigarette pack-years, cotinine) and with baseline measures of smoking topography. The FTND outperformed the FTQ on several correlations, and the HSI outperformed both the FTQ and the FTND. Results concerning correlations between each of the three measures and indicators of compensation in response to reductions in nicotine availability were equivocal. The HSI and FTND were predictive of at least 4 weeks of biochemically verified postquit abstinence among a subsample of individuals receiving smoking treatment (n=93). All three measures had mediocre psychometric properties, and the magnitudes of their relationships with independent indicators were generally modest. All three measures appeared to be valid as self-report measures of nicotine dependence among male drug/alcohol-dependent individuals. The HSI appeared to be the best of the three measures; thus, studies of drug/alcohol-dependent smokers should be sure to report the results from this measure. Efforts to develop self-report measures of nicotine dependence with better properties and performance in this population should continue to be pursued.
本研究考察了弗格斯特罗姆耐受问卷（FTQ）、弗格斯特罗姆尼古丁依赖测试（FTND）和吸烟量指数（HSI）作为男性药物/酒精依赖吸烟者（一项大型戒烟研究中的191名参与者）尼古丁依赖的自我报告测量工具时的心理测量特性和效度。所有这三种测量工具的内部一致性都相当低。FTQ和FTND具有相似的双因素结构，但FTND的因素结构解释的项目方差百分比更大。所有这三种测量工具都与尼古丁依赖的几个独立自我报告和生化指标（如吸烟包年数、可替宁）以及吸烟行为的基线测量在预期方向上显著相关。在一些相关性方面，FTND优于FTQ，而HSI优于FTQ和FTND。关于这三种测量工具中的每一种与因尼古丁可获得性降低而产生的补偿指标之间的相关性结果并不明确。在接受吸烟治疗的一个子样本（n = 93）中，HSI和FTND可预测至少4周经生化验证的戒烟后 abstinence。所有这三种测量工具的心理测量特性都一般，它们与独立指标的关系强度通常适中。所有这三种测量工具作为男性药物/酒精依赖个体尼古丁依赖的自我报告测量工具似乎都是有效的。HSI似乎是这三种测量工具中最好的；因此，对药物/酒精依赖吸烟者的研究应确保报告该测量工具的结果。应继续努力开发在该人群中具有更好特性和表现的尼古丁依赖自我报告测量工具。
