Ullah Sharin, Griffiths Peter
City and Hackney Primary Care Trust, London, UK.
Br J Community Nurs. 2003 Oct;8(10):458-63. doi: 10.12968/bjcn.2003.8.10.11699.
Breastfeeding has a number of benefits for both mother and baby, which appear to increase with longer duration of breastfeeding. The use of pacifiers has been negatively associated with shortened breastfeeding duration. The aim of this review was to determine whether the use of pacifiers actually shortens breastfeeding duration in infants. The Cochrane library, Medline, CINAHL and Embase databases were searched for systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials and cohort studies examining the effect of pacifier use on breastfeeding duration. After applying appropriate inclusion criteria only two cohort studies were identified. In one the overall breastfeeding duration was longer in non pacifier-using infants compared to those given pacifiers (10 months vs. 7.5 months). The mean breastfeeding duration in children who were given pacifiers before 6 weeks of age was 168.5 days compared to 196.0 days for children who had a pacifier introduced later or never. However, there is no evidence to suggest any effect from occasional pacifier use, and it remains unclear whether pacifiers are an independent causal factor for reducing breastfeeding duration in infants.
母乳喂养对母亲和婴儿都有诸多益处，且随着母乳喂养时间的延长，这些益处似乎会增加。使用安抚奶嘴与缩短母乳喂养时间呈负相关。本综述的目的是确定使用安抚奶嘴是否真的会缩短婴儿的母乳喂养时间。检索了Cochrane图书馆、Medline、CINAHL和Embase数据库，以查找关于使用安抚奶嘴对母乳喂养时间影响的系统评价、随机对照试验和队列研究。在应用适当的纳入标准后，仅确定了两项队列研究。其中一项研究表明，不使用安抚奶嘴的婴儿的总体母乳喂养时间比使用安抚奶嘴的婴儿更长（10个月对7.5个月）。6周龄前使用安抚奶嘴的儿童的平均母乳喂养时间为168.5天，而6周龄后才使用或从未使用安抚奶嘴的儿童的平均母乳喂养时间为196.0天。然而，没有证据表明偶尔使用安抚奶嘴会有任何影响，并且安抚奶嘴是否是减少婴儿母乳喂养时间的独立因果因素仍不清楚。
