Benjamin Ludy T
Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Am Psychol. 2003 Sep;58(9):731-41. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.58.9.731.
The Nobel Prizes began a little over a century ago, established by the last will and testament of Alfred Nobel to recognize those individuals "who. shall have conferred the greatest benefits on mankind" (R. M. Friedman, 2001, p. 13). No social science prizes were established among the original five categories, consequently behavioral research has received little recognition. Using archival records from several locations, particularly the Nobel committee records from the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, which selects the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, this article provides a history of the scientists whose work was related to psychology and who won or lost the attempt for Nobel fame. It concludes with a discussion of the importance of behavioral science in the 21st century in the context of the subject domains of the Nobel Prizes.
诺贝尔奖始于一个多世纪以前，由阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱设立，旨在表彰那些“为人类做出最大贡献”的个人（R.M.弗里德曼，2001年，第13页）。最初设立的五个奖项类别中没有社会科学奖，因此行为研究很少得到认可。本文利用来自多个地点的档案记录，特别是来自斯德哥尔摩卡罗琳医学院的诺贝尔委员会记录（该委员会负责评选诺贝尔生理学或医学奖），讲述了那些与心理学相关且在角逐诺贝尔荣誉的过程中成功或失败的科学家的历史。文章最后讨论了在诺贝尔奖学科领域背景下行为科学在21世纪的重要性。
