Traut A, Kaminer D, Boshoff D, Seedat S, Hawkridge S, Stein D J
Department of Nursing, University of the Western Cape.
Curationis. 2003 Aug;26(2):44-8. doi: 10.4102/curationis.v26i2.782.
Few empirical studies have addressed the impact of trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on treatment utilisation and outcome in South African youth. This study was undertaken to document demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics of child and adolescent inpatients with PTSD.
A retrospective chart study of all patients presenting to a child and adolescent inpatient unit was conducted between 1994-1996. For children and adolescents diagnosed with PTSD; demographic, diagnostic and treatment variables, including trauma type, family history, and delays in treatment seeking, were documented.
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatient Unit, Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town.
Children and adolescents (2 to 18 years) presenting to an inpatient unit (n = 737).
10.3% (n = 76) met diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Gender differences were clearly evident: PTSD was six times more prevalent in girls (65 with PTSD were female and 11 were male); girls were most likely to have experienced rape or sexual abuse while boys were most likely to have witnessed a killing. Psychotherapy was the most common intervention for PTSD, followed by treatment with a tricyclic antidepressant. 97.4% of children and adolescents who were treated were improved at treatment endpoint. Delays in seeking treatment and problems with the primary support group were highly prevalent.
PTSD is a common disorder that is responsive to treatment with psychotherapy and/or tricyclic antidepressants in child and adolescent inpatients. These findings underscore the importance of early identification and treatment of childhood PTSD in mental health settings, in particular tertiary service institutions.
很少有实证研究探讨创伤暴露和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）对南非青少年治疗利用情况和治疗结果的影响。本研究旨在记录患有PTSD的儿童和青少年住院患者的人口统计学、临床和治疗特征。
对1994年至1996年间在儿童和青少年住院部就诊的所有患者进行回顾性病历研究。对于诊断为PTSD的儿童和青少年，记录其人口统计学、诊断和治疗变量，包括创伤类型、家族史和寻求治疗的延迟情况。
开普敦泰格伯格医院儿童和青少年精神病住院部。
在住院部就诊的2至18岁儿童和青少年（n = 737）。
10.3%（n = 76）符合PTSD诊断标准。性别差异明显：PTSD在女孩中的患病率是男孩的六倍（65名患有PTSD的女孩，11名男孩）；女孩最常经历强奸或性虐待，而男孩最常目睹杀人事件。心理治疗是PTSD最常见的干预措施，其次是三环类抗抑郁药治疗。97.4%接受治疗的儿童和青少年在治疗终点时病情有所改善。寻求治疗的延迟和主要支持群体的问题非常普遍。
PTSD是一种常见疾病，对儿童和青少年住院患者采用心理治疗和/或三环类抗抑郁药治疗有效。这些发现强调了在心理健康环境中，特别是在三级服务机构中早期识别和治疗儿童PTSD的重要性。
