Rentschler Dorothy D
Department of Nursing, University of New Hampshire, Durham, 03824, USA.
MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2003 Nov-Dec;28(6):377-83. doi: 10.1097/00005721-200311000-00009.
To gain a clearer understanding of teens' perspectives on pregnancy and parenting. DESIGN Descriptive qualitative study using grounded theory.
The sample was comprised of 20 pregnant 15- to 19-year-old teens in the second or third trimester of pregnancy who planned to keep their child. A taped interview of each participant was performed either in the school the teen was attending or in the privacy of her home. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Interviews were compared with each other to confirm/disconfirm emerging themes.
The comparison of the data from the 20 interviews resulted in themes clearly describing the teens' perceptions of the changes related to pregnancy, how they managed these changes, and their views on mothering. Three major themes emerged: "The pregnant me--unexpected changes," "Transformed relationships," and "Envisioning mothering."
Nurses caring for pregnant adolescents who have made the decision to keep their babies should carefully assess each individual's strengths, weaknesses, hopes, and goals prior to developing a plan of care. Identifying the teens' living situations and support from family, father of the baby, and/or friends and recognizing and building upon the strengths the teens bring to the pregnancy may influence the pregnancy's outcome. Encouraging attendance and participation in programs specifically designed for pregnant adolescents and adolescent parents may be a helpful strategy for these teens.
更清晰地了解青少年对怀孕和为人父母的看法。设计：采用扎根理论的描述性定性研究。
样本包括20名怀孕15至19岁的青少年，她们处于怀孕中期或晚期，且打算留下自己的孩子。对每位参与者进行录像采访，采访地点要么是青少年所在的学校，要么是在其家中私密环境下。使用持续比较法对数据进行分析。将访谈相互比较以确认/否定新出现的主题。
对20次访谈的数据进行比较后得出了一些主题，这些主题清晰地描述了青少年对与怀孕相关变化的认知、他们如何应对这些变化以及他们对为人母的看法。出现了三个主要主题：“怀孕的我——意想不到的变化”“转变的关系”和“憧憬为人母”。
照顾已决定留下孩子的怀孕青少年的护士，在制定护理计划之前，应仔细评估每个个体的优势、劣势、希望和目标。了解青少年的生活状况以及来自家人、孩子父亲和/或朋友的支持，并认识和利用青少年在孕期所具备的优势，可能会影响怀孕的结果。鼓励这些青少年参加专门为怀孕青少年和青少年父母设计的项目并积极参与，可能是对他们有益的策略。
