Siri Simona, Kensinger Elizabeth A, Cappa Stefano F, Hood Kristin L, Corkin Suzanne
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and the Clinical Research Center (CRC), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), MA, USA.
Neuropsychology. 2003 Oct;17(4):630-45. doi: 10.1037/0894-4105.17.4.630.
In this article the authors describe a patient (J.P.) whose category-specific naming deficit eluded the classical dichotomies between living versus nonliving items or visual versus functional attributes. At age 22, he had herpes simplex encephalitis followed by a left temporal lobectomy. J.P. was tested on measures of visual perception, category naming, fluency, and name-picture matching. He showed a severe impairment naming and identifying fruits, vegetables, and musical instruments. His performance with animals and birds was spared inconsistently, meaning that even the preserved categories were, at some point, affected. J.P.'s unusual deficit supports the hypothesis that semantic knowledge is organized in the brain on the basis of object properties, which can cut across the living-nonliving categorical distinction.
在本文中，作者描述了一位患者（J.P.），其特定类别命名缺陷突破了有生命与无生命物品或视觉与功能属性之间的经典二分法。22岁时，他患了单纯疱疹性脑炎，随后接受了左颞叶切除术。对J.P.进行了视觉感知、类别命名、流畅性和名称-图片匹配等测试。他在命名和识别水果、蔬菜及乐器方面表现出严重障碍。他对动物和鸟类的表现时好时坏，这意味着即使是保留的类别在某些时候也会受到影响。J.P.这种不寻常的缺陷支持了语义知识在大脑中基于物体属性进行组织的假说，而这种属性划分可以跨越有生命与无生命的类别区分。
