Kuznetsova L, Shpakov A, Rusakov Yu, Plesneva S, Bondareva V, Pertseva M
Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, 194223, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Regul Pept. 2003 Nov 15;116(1-3):81-6. doi: 10.1016/j.regpep.2003.07.001.
The biological activity of insulins of lower vertebrates (teleosts-Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Scorpaena porcus, chondrosteans-Acipenser guldenstaedti and cyclostomates-Lamperta fluviatilis) was studied and compared with that of standard pig insulin. The determination of biological activity was made using the novel adenylyl cyclase (AC) test-system based on the adenylyl cyclase signaling mechanism (ACSM) of insulin action discovered earlier by the authors. The biological activity of insulins was estimated as EC(50), i.e. concentration leading to half-maximal activating effect of the hormone (10(-11)-10(-7) M), in vitro, on adenylyl cyclase in two types of the target tissues: in membrane fractions of the muscles of rat and mollusc Anodonta cygnea. In rat, the efficiency of insulins was found to decrease in the following order: pig insulin>scorpaena insulin>gorbuscha insulin>sturgeon insulin>lamprey insulin. In the mollusc, the order was different: sturgeon insulin>scorpaena insulin>pig insulin>gorbuscha insulin. Lamprey insulin at the same concentrations did not apparently reach the maximal adenylyl cyclase activating effect. The suggestion was made that differences in the biological activity of insulins depend on the hormone structure and a number of indexes characteristic of the adenylyl cyclase test-system in the vertebrate and invertebrate tissues. The proposed adenylyl cyclase test-system is highly sensitive to insulin at physiological concentrations, has good reproduction and is easy to apply.
研究了低等脊椎动物（硬骨鱼纲——驼背大麻哈鱼、黑鲉，软骨硬鳞鱼纲——俄罗斯鲟，圆口纲——七鳃鳗）胰岛素的生物活性，并与标准猪胰岛素的生物活性进行了比较。生物活性的测定采用了基于作者先前发现的胰岛素作用的腺苷酸环化酶信号传导机制（ACSM）的新型腺苷酸环化酶（AC）测试系统。胰岛素的生物活性以EC(50)来估计，即导致激素产生半数最大激活效应的浓度（10^(-11)-10^(-7) M），在体外，针对两种靶组织中的腺苷酸环化酶：大鼠肌肉的膜组分和软体动物圆田螺。在大鼠中，发现胰岛素的效率按以下顺序降低：猪胰岛素>黑鲉胰岛素>驼背大麻哈鱼胰岛素>鲟鱼胰岛素>七鳃鳗胰岛素。在软体动物中，顺序不同：鲟鱼胰岛素>黑鲉胰岛素>猪胰岛素>驼背大麻哈鱼胰岛素。相同浓度下的七鳃鳗胰岛素显然未达到腺苷酸环化酶的最大激活效应。有人提出，胰岛素生物活性的差异取决于激素结构以及脊椎动物和无脊椎动物组织中腺苷酸环化酶测试系统的一些特征指标。所提出的腺苷酸环化酶测试系统对生理浓度的胰岛素高度敏感，重复性好且易于应用。
